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Relative contributions of pharmacological, psychological and sensory-motor processes to the positive and negative reinforcing properties of tobacco smoking

药理学、心理和感觉运动过程对吸烟的积极和消极强化特性的相对贡献

基本信息

批准号：
341577-2011
负责人：
Barrett, Sean
金额：
$ 2.26万
依托单位：
Dalhousie University
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=527370
关键词：
Relative contributions pharmacological psychological sensory

项目摘要

Both the positive (e.g. incentive motivation) and negative (e.g. withdrawal relief) reinforcing properties of tobacco smoking are often attributed to a single factor: nicotine. However, there is surprisingly little unequivocal evidence that nicotine per se has either negative or positive reinforcing properties in the absence of other pharmacological (e.g. psychoactive effects of non-nicotine tobacco ingredients) and non-pharmacological factors (e.g. expectancy effects; sensory-motor aspects of tobacco use). In a recent series of studies, my research group has found that many of the negative reinforcing properties of smoking appear to be attributable to non-nicotine tobacco constituents and/or the sensory-motor aspects of smoking, while many of tobacco's positive reinforcing properties appear to be attributable at least in part to psychological factors such as expectancy. In the proposed program of research, I aim to continue to examine the positive and negative reinforcing effects of nicotine and various other pharmacological, sensory-motor and psychological smoking factors. It is expected that this work will 1) help identify the separate and common mechanisms involved in the positive and negative reinforcing effects of smoking and 2) delineate the relative contributions of nicotine, non-nicotine tobacco constituents, sensory-motor aspects of smoking, and psychological factors to each of these processes.

吸烟的积极（例如激励动机）和消极（例如戒断缓解）增强特性通常归因于一个因素：尼古丁。然而，令人惊讶的是，几乎没有明确的证据表明，在不存在其他药理学（例如，非尼古丁烟草成分的精神活性作用）和非药理学因素（例如，预期效应;烟草使用的感觉运动方面）的情况下，尼古丁本身具有负面或正面的增强特性。在最近的一系列研究中，我的研究小组发现，吸烟的许多负面强化特性似乎可归因于非尼古丁烟草成分和/或吸烟的感觉运动方面，而烟草的许多正面强化特性似乎至少部分归因于心理因素，如预期。在拟议的研究计划中，我的目标是继续研究尼古丁和其他各种药理学，感觉运动和心理吸烟因素的积极和消极的强化作用。预计这项工作将：1）帮助识别吸烟的积极和消极强化作用所涉及的单独和共同机制; 2）描述尼古丁、非尼古丁烟草成分、吸烟的感觉-运动方面以及心理因素对这些过程的相对贡献。