Determining quantity of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in hot mix asphalt (HMA)

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Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) has many benefits including: saves on dwindling aggregate resources, recovers non-renewable petrochemical resources, diverts large volumes of materials from overloaded landfills, reduces road building costs and contributes significantly to provincial and municipal recycling obligations. Several challenges can occur with introducing the RAP into HMA. The source of RAP can have an effect on the performance of the mix such as pavements that were extensively damaged before being removed often contain binders which have experienced more aging than a pavement in better condition. The primary concern with increasing RAP percentages into HMA mixes are its effect on moisture susceptibility of the mix and endurance against fatigue and thermal cracking. The common question that many agencies have within the pavement industry is whether RAP acts as a "black rock" or the aged Asphalt Cement in RAP blends with the new Asphalt Cement in the mix.