Advanced Frequency Synthesizer Design

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In this research project, advanced frequency synthesis techniques will be explored. Recently, all digital phase-locked loops (ADPLLs) have attracted significant interest due to their small area, better immunity to external noise, simplicity of design, and scalability with process technology. However, the phase noise of the ADPLL typically falls short compared to conventional analog PLLs. Noise performance of the ADPLL is determined by phase granularity and resolution, non-linearity in the loop, and non-idealities of the loop components such as the phase detector and the oscillator. Improvements at the system level must be undertaken while ensuring that requirement of noise, settling time, frequency lock range, phase resolution and power consumption are met. Typically, calibration techniques are required to compensate for process, power-supply voltage, and temperature variations. In addition to noise, unwanted signals (spurs) which are often the result of nonlinearity and mismatch, have to be filtered out to prevent interference with desired signals. At the component level, each block must be designed to reduce non-idealities such noise and nonlinearity. The objective of this project is to explore new design techniques to improve the ADPLL while maintaining its excellent qualities and advantages. The main focus will be on improving the noise performance of the high-speed ADPLLs by employing new techniques both at the system level and at the component level. Working closely with our industrial partner will ensure that our design is practical and will fit in with their larger scale project. Having an improved ADPLL in their portfolio will strengthen their position as the world leader in this field. This is expected to have an impact on their portion of the global market share in this area, and by the successful introduction of related products, will potentially lead to more employment opportunities in Canada. Through publication of the technological advancements in this project, knowledge will be distributed throughout the academic community leading to international recognition for Carleton University and for the researchers involved, advancing the state-of-the-art of the design techniques used in this field.