Human-machine interactions involving space, time and uncertainty in real and virtual environments

研究的重点是利用时间(T)、空间(S)和不确定性(U)信息进行人类对动态系统的控制。提出了六个主题，每个主题代表了T、S和U的某种组合。主题1(S T)解决了大视场和小视场(FOV)要求之间的权衡，这是许多视觉搜索和监视任务的典型。在一种情况下，视觉搜索将通过向运营商提供通过实时马赛克创建的大视场显示来促进。第二个项目旨在通过提供包含来自多个摄像机的空间内插图像的综合显示器来减少监视大量视频监视器的负荷。主题2(S U)也解决了低视场和高视场的权衡问题，这一次是为了精确的高倍率操作，如显微手术。该研究将探索数字镜头软件的参数，该软件将为操作员提供高倍率中心视场和较低倍率外围信息。主题3(S T)将评估实时视频图像稳定软件在应用中的使用，如获取用于电影摄影的稳定图像和内窥镜手术中的定向增强。主题4(S TU)涉及需要同时处理多个信息源的任务，并将调查自定进度视觉遮挡的使用，以模拟人类如何对被管理任务的状态与采样新信息的成本采用一定程度的主观不确定性。主题5(S TU)讨论了操作员是否能够利用明确的不确定性显示，例如冲突概率，来维持做出适当决策的一致标准的问题。这些概念将通过一个模拟的空中交通管制平台进行探索，该平台在空间上提供关于潜在冲突的明确的时间和概率信息。第六个主题(S T)将探索在制动过程中通过动态但潜移默化地操纵领先车辆尺寸来影响驾驶员制动性能的原理。

The focus of the research is the use of time (T), space (S) and uncertainty (U) information for human control of dynamic systems. Six themes, each representing some combination of T, S and U are proposed. Theme 1 (S+T) addresses the need for trading off large versus small field of view (FOV) requirements, which typifies many visual search and surveillance tasks. In one case, visual search will be facilitated by providing operators with large FOV displays created through real-time mosaicing. A second project aims to reduce the load of monitoring large banks of video monitors by providing integrated displays comprising spatially interpolated images from multiple cameras. Theme 2 (S+U) also addresses the low versus high FOV tradeoff problem, this time for precise high magnification operations, such as microscopic surgery. The research will explore the parameters of digital lens software which will provide operators with both a high magnification central FOV and lower magnification peripheral information. Theme 3 (S+T) will evaluate the use of real-time video image stabilisation software for applications such as acquiring stable images for cinematography and orientation enhancement in endoscopic surgery. Theme 4 (S+T+U) relates to tasks that demand simultaneous processing of multiple sources of information, and will investigate the use of self-paced visual occlusion for modelling how humans adopt a certain level of subjective uncertainty about the state of a task being managed versus the cost of sampling new information. Theme 5 (S+T+U) addresses the issue of whether operators are able to make use of explicit displays of uncertainty, such as probability of conflict, to maintain a consistent criterion for making appropriate decisions. The concepts will be explored by means of a simulated air traffic control platform which spatially presents explicit temporal and probabilistic information about potential conflicts. The sixth theme (S+T) will explore the principle of influencing driver braking performance by means of dynamic, but imperceptible, manipulation of lead vehicle size during braking.