Regulation of human skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training

人体骨骼肌对运动训练适应的调节

• 批准号: 227858-2010
• 负责人: Gibala, Martin
• 金额: $ 3.06万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546847
• 关键词: Regulation; human; skeletal; muscle; adaptation

The breakdown of fuels such as carbohydrates and fats for energy involves a complex series of metabolic reactions. Precise regulation of these various metabolic pathways is vital to the integrity of the cell and organism. My research proposal is designed to investigate the regulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle and in particular the mechanisms that coordinate "remodeling" of this tissue in response to acute and chronic contraction. Skeletal muscle is a very interesting tissue to study since it can change its metabolic rate quite dramatically. For example, during strenuous exercise the rate of energy demand can increase by over a hundred-fold compared to rest, which forces the muscle to rapidly adjust its rate of energy supply in order to maintain proper function. The way in which I study skeletal muscle in humans is to produce distinct "metabolic challenges" by asking people to exercise at different workloads for varying periods of time. We can further investigate metabolic processes by altering substrate availability (e.g., using dietary manipulations) or by studying subjects with special characteristics (e.g., highly trained individuals). We investigate the muscle response by obtaining small samples of tissue using the needle biopsy technique. The tissue is then analyzed for compounds such as enzymes and other proteins that are involved in regulating cellular energy metabolism. We are particularly interested in the fact that short bursts of very intense exercise appear to stimulate metabolic adaptations that are typically associated with prolonged endurance-type training despite. However, the molecular signals that regulate adaptation to these diverse stimuli are unknown. The major goal of this research is to provide basic scientific information about metabolic regulation, but the results may have practical implications for people who are interested in the body's response to exercise.

碳水化合物和脂肪等能量燃料的分解涉及一系列复杂的新陈代谢反应。对这些不同代谢途径的精确调控对细胞和有机体的完整性至关重要。我的研究计划旨在研究骨骼肌能量新陈代谢的调节，特别是协调该组织在应对急性和慢性收缩时“重塑”的机制。骨骼肌是一个非常有趣的研究组织，因为它可以极大地改变其代谢率。例如，在剧烈运动中，与休息相比，能量需求率可以增加一百多倍，这迫使肌肉迅速调整其能量供应率，以保持适当的功能。我研究人类骨骼肌的方法是，让人们在不同的工作负荷下锻炼不同的时间段，从而产生不同的“新陈代谢挑战”。我们可以通过改变底物的可获得性(例如，使用饮食操作)或通过研究具有特殊特征的受试者(例如，训练有素的个体)来进一步研究代谢过程。我们通过使用针刺活检技术获取小样本组织来研究肌肉反应。然后对组织进行分析，以寻找参与调节细胞能量新陈代谢的酶和其他蛋白质等化合物。我们特别感兴趣的是这样一个事实，即短时间的非常高强度的运动似乎可以刺激新陈代谢适应，尽管这种适应通常与长时间的耐力型训练有关。然而，调节对这些不同刺激的适应的分子信号是未知的。这项研究的主要目的是提供有关代谢调节的基本科学信息，但研究结果可能对那些对身体对运动的反应感兴趣的人具有实际意义。