权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Understanding global ecological change in forests: empirical and modelling approaches

了解全球森林生态变化：实证和建模方法

基本信息

批准号：
238457-2010
负责人：
Anand, Madhur
金额：
$ 2.48万
依托单位：
University of Guelph
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=547001
关键词：
Understanding global ecological change forests

项目摘要

Global ecological change and/or its mitigation are having unexpected effects on ecosystem structure and dynamics. Indicators of forest structure and biodiversity can be used to describe such changes, however an understanding of how various stressors interact with natural disturbance regimes to affect such indicators is unknown, and a theory of disturbance ecology in the face of stressors associated with global ecological change is lacking. Such interactions can have a variety of effects -- from changing tree growth rates to species niche expansion -- which can in turn affect biodiversity patterns. Ecologists have hypothesized that "cross-scale interactions, likely those between the local demographics of species at the fine scale and the landscape configuration of patches at the broad scale...have significant implications for the conservation of biodiversity." Thus an approach that links individuals to landscapes is required. This cannot always be done via real time observation, thus modelling is required. Furthermore, field observations need to be integrated with modelling approaches which an provide more informed scenarios for prediction. Better knowledge of changes to come could help with adaptation strategies and avert future "surprises".

全球生态变化和/或其缓解正在对生态系统结构和动态产生意想不到的影响。森林结构和生物多样性的指标可以用来描述这些变化，然而，对于各种压力源如何与自然干扰机制相互作用以影响这些指标的理解是未知的，并且面对与全球生态变化相关的压力源的干扰生态学理论是缺乏的。这种相互作用会产生各种各样的影响——从改变树木的生长速度到物种生态位的扩张——这反过来又会影响生物多样性的模式。生态学家假设，“跨尺度的相互作用，可能是在小尺度上物种的当地人口统计数据和大尺度上斑块的景观配置之间的相互作用……对生物多样性的保护具有重要意义。”因此，需要一种将个人与景观联系起来的方法。这并不总是通过实时观察来完成，因此需要建模。此外，需要将实地观测与模拟方法结合起来，为预测提供更有根据的情景。更好地了解即将发生的变化可以帮助制定适应战略，避免未来的“意外”。