Role of terrestrial carbon and base cations in the recovery of damaged aquatic systems

陆地碳和碱基阳离子在受损水生系统恢复中的作用

• 批准号: 394833-2009
• 负责人: Gunn, John
• 金额: $ 6.15万
• 依托单位: Laurentian University of Sudbury
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=550641
• 关键词: Role; terrestrial; carbon; base; cations

Clean water and diverse communities of aquatic biota are so dependent on watershed processes that they can be considered "products" of healthy forests in the Boreal Shield Ecozone. Carbon inputs from the terrestrial watershed are key determinants of productivity of dilute lakes, with both particulate and dissolved (DOC) carbon contributing heavily to the foodwebs of receiving lakes and streams. Base cations from forest soils also affect a vast array of aquatic processes, including the toxicity of introduced metals, but base cations are exhibiting depletions across much of the Shield region, while showing enrichment near many urban areas. Better understanding of terrestrial/aquatic linkages is therefore needed before we can predict the single or combined effects of various watershed disturbances or predict the likely trajectories that recovery or recolonization will take after stressors have been removed. The severely impacted watersheds surrounding the metal mining and smelting complex in Sudbury, Canada are classic examples of the protracted effects of multiple stressors in Boreal watersheds. Here, even after more than $1B investment in air pollution control and extensive land reclamation work, recovery of sensitive species of invertebrates in nearshore environments lags decades behind the cleanup efforts. Our study uses a combination of spatial surveys and field and laboratory experiments to detect, measure and evaluate the importance of terrestrial/aquatic linkages in relation to the recovery of invertebrate communities. We also compare and contrast the effects of different disturbance types (forestry, fire, mining) at study sites across Ontario and examine the role of landscape and local habitat factors in shaping benthic invertebrate communities. Our studies are designed to improve our understanding of the fundamental process of recovery from disturbance and to help ecological risk managers design more effective

清洁的水和多样化的水生生物群十分依赖流域进程，因此可以将其视为北方盾牌生态区健康森林的“产品”。陆地流域的碳输入是稀释湖泊生产力的关键决定因素，颗粒碳和溶解碳（DOC）对接收湖泊和溪流的食物网贡献很大。森林土壤中的阳离子也影响着大量的水生过程，包括引入的金属的毒性，但在盾牌区的大部分地区，阳离子正呈现出枯竭的趋势，而在许多城市地区附近则表现出富集的趋势。因此，在我们能够预测各种流域干扰的单一或综合影响或预测压力源消除后恢复或退化的可能轨迹之前，需要更好地了解陆地/水生联系。加拿大萨德伯里金属采矿和冶炼综合体周围受到严重影响的流域是北方流域多种压力源长期影响的典型例子。在这里，即使在超过10亿美元的空气污染控制投资和广泛的土地复垦工作，恢复近岸环境中的敏感物种的无脊椎动物落后于清理工作几十年。我们的研究采用了空间调查和现场和实验室实验相结合，以检测，测量和评估陆生/水生联系的重要性，恢复无脊椎动物群落。我们还比较和对比不同的干扰类型（林业，火灾，采矿）在整个安大略的研究地点的影响，并研究景观和当地的栖息地因素在塑造底栖无脊椎动物群落的作用。我们的研究旨在提高我们对从干扰中恢复的基本过程的理解，并帮助生态风险管理者设计更有效的