Battery energy storage for buildings and communities: sizing and control strategies for multiple services and objectives

可再生发电机（REG），如风力涡轮机和光伏发电，减少化石燃料的使用和温室气体（GHG）排放。然而，它们的输出与电力需求不匹配，因此需要技术作为中介。本研究计划的目标是开发适用于连接电网的建筑物的电池储能系统（BESS）的控制策略。BESS是唯一适合建筑物的存储，因为它们是密封和高效的。与集中存储、需求侧管理和热存储相比，在具有REG（例如净零能耗建筑）的建筑物和社区中共同部署BESS具有几个优势；包括：(1)充电/放电，(2)由于靠近分布式发电机和需求而提高效率，以及(3)对建筑物居住者没有影响。已经提出了几个BESS模型，但是它们在处理控制策略方面并不全面，并且缺乏用于校准的实验数据。

Renewable electricity generators (REG), such as wind turbines and photovoltaics, reduce fossil-fuel use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, their output does not match electricity demands and consequently requires technology to act as an intermediary. The objective of this research program is to develop control strategies for battery energy storage systems (BESS) that are suitable for buildings connected to the electricity grid. BESS are uniquely suitable storage for buildings as they are sealed and highly efficient. Co-locating BESS in buildings and communities with REG (e.g. net-zero energy buildings) has several advantages compared to centralized storage, demand side management, and thermal storage; including: (1) charge/discharge of electricity, (2) efficiency because of proximity to distributed generators and demands, and (3) no influence upon building occupants. Several BESS models have been proposed, however they are not comprehensive in their treatment of control strategies and they lack experimental data for calibration.