Optimizing performance of integrated green roof photovoltaic systems

在加拿大各地，绿色屋顶和光伏(PV)电池板的制造商和分销商竞相在工业、商业和高密度住宅屋顶上安装项目。这些技术通常被视为直接竞争对手，因为这两个系统都减少了建筑物对环境的影响，尽管是通过不同的机制。因此，屋顶设计很少(如果有的话)同时应用两种技术。然而，当整合时，绿色屋顶系统可能会提高光伏阵列的性能和寿命。降低光伏电池板的工作温度可提高其转换效率。此外，降低运行温度可降低光伏电池板的降解率，从而延长其使用寿命。由于蒸散冷却，绿色屋顶可能比白色屋顶产生更低的表面温度。这项研究将进行室外实验室实验，以研究光伏电池板和绿色屋顶集成在单一屋顶系统中时的单独性能。绿色屋顶-太阳能电池板系统由工业合作伙伴提供，将建在多伦多大学丹尼尔斯大楼的顶部。该系统将在三个夏季进行监测。绿色屋顶和白色屋顶上的光伏电池板的发电量将进行评估。与独立的绿色屋顶系统和安装在白色屋顶上的光伏电池板相比，综合系统的特性将对综合系统的性能进行监测，特别是植物生长、蒸散和雨水滞留。监测的小气候因素包括风、温度、大气压力、太阳辐射、降水和雨水排放。将开发先进的模型，将综合系统的性能与气候变量联系起来。

Throughout Canada manufacturers and distributers of green roof and photovoltaic (PV) panels compete for installation of projects on industrial, commercial and high-density residential rooftops. These technologies are often viewed as direct competitors as both systems reduce the environmental impact of buildings, albeit through different mechanisms. Consequently, rooftop designs rarely, if ever, apply both technologies. However, when integrated, green roofs systems may improve the performance and lifetime of PV arrays. Reducing the operating temperature of PV panels increases their conversion efficiency. Furthermore, lowering operating temperatures reduces PV panel degradation rates and thus increases their useful lifetime. Green roofs may produce cooler surface temperature than white roofs due to evapotranspirative cooling. This research will conduct outdoor laboratory experiments to study the individual performance of PV panels and green roofs when integrated in a single roof system. The green roof-solar panel system, provided by industrial partners, will be constructed on top of the Daniels Building at the University of Toronto. The system will be monitored over three summer seasons.The energy production of PV panels on green versus white roofs will be assessed. Performance of the integrated system will be monitored, particularly plant growth, evapotranspiration, and stormwater retention, as affected by the characteristics of the integrated system in comparison to a stand-alone green roof system and PV panels mounted on a white roof. Microclimate factors monitored will include wind, temperature, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation, precipitation, and stormwater outflow. Advanced models will be developed to relate performance of the integrated system to climatic variables.