Optimizing performance of integrated green roof photovoltaic systems

在加拿大各地，绿色屋顶和光伏板的制造商和分销商竞相在工业、商业和高密度住宅屋顶上安装项目。这些技术通常被视为直接竞争对手，因为这两种系统都减少了建筑物对环境的影响，尽管机制不同。因此，屋顶设计很少（如果有的话）应用这两种技术。然而，当集成时，绿色屋顶系统可以提高PV阵列的性能和寿命。降低PV板的工作温度可提高其转换效率。此外，降低工作温度可降低PV板的退化率，从而延长其使用寿命。由于蒸发蒸腾冷却，绿色屋顶可能比白色屋顶产生更低的表面温度。本研究将进行室外实验室实验，研究光伏板和绿色屋顶集成在一个单一的屋顶系统时的单独性能。由工业合作伙伴提供的绿色屋顶太阳能电池板系统将建在多伦多大学丹尼尔斯大楼的顶部。该系统将在三个夏季进行监测，并将评估光伏板在绿色和白色屋顶上的发电量。将监测集成系统的性能，特别是植物生长、蒸散和雨水滞留，与独立的绿色屋顶系统和安装在白色屋顶上的PV板相比，这些性能受集成系统特性的影响。监测的小气候因素包括风、温度、大气压力、太阳辐射、降水和雨水流量。将开发先进的模型，将综合系统的性能与气候变量联系起来。

Throughout Canada manufacturers and distributers of green roof and photovoltaic (PV) panels compete for installation of projects on industrial, commercial and high-density residential rooftops. These technologies are often viewed as direct competitors as both systems reduce the environmental impact of buildings, albeit through different mechanisms. Consequently, rooftop designs rarely, if ever, apply both technologies. However, when integrated, green roofs systems may improve the performance and lifetime of PV arrays. Reducing the operating temperature of PV panels increases their conversion efficiency. Furthermore, lowering operating temperatures reduces PV panel degradation rates and thus increases their useful lifetime. Green roofs may produce cooler surface temperature than white roofs due to evapotranspirative cooling. This research will conduct outdoor laboratory experiments to study the individual performance of PV panels and green roofs when integrated in a single roof system. The green roof-solar panel system, provided by industrial partners, will be constructed on top of the Daniels Building at the University of Toronto. The system will be monitored over three summer seasons.The energy production of PV panels on green versus white roofs will be assessed. Performance of the integrated system will be monitored, particularly plant growth, evapotranspiration, and stormwater retention, as affected by the characteristics of the integrated system in comparison to a stand-alone green roof system and PV panels mounted on a white roof. Microclimate factors monitored will include wind, temperature, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation, precipitation, and stormwater outflow. Advanced models will be developed to relate performance of the integrated system to climatic variables.