Development of germanium fiber Bragg gratings and Er-doped fiber amplifiers for operation in harsh environments

该提案解决了开发新型和更高效的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）和掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）的关键挑战，用于需要在恶劣环境中运行的汽车/飞机发动机，潜艇，航天器和卫星。通过利用纳米技术的最新突破，为INRS/UdeM的先进表征和处理提供了独特的机会，我们提出了一个从基础研究到设计、制造和测试高温和抗辐射光纤的综合项目。我们的方法将核光谱学和离子束处理与先进的表面分析相结合，可以提供对限制光纤运行状态的因素的基本理解，以改善和优化其性能。这种方法包括建模支持的分析技术，以及在高温退火或硬辐射暴露条件下的测试，用于再现卫星的环境并模拟不同的疲劳情景。通过时间分辨透射电子显微镜和光学介观成像的实验研究，分别研究了基本参数，如掺杂浓度、共掺杂、气体负载和热退火对纤维性能和老化的影响。五个主要目标是：1)铒、锗及其相关缺陷的原子扩散研究；2)开发微结构光纤高分辨率表征的新实验技术；3)光纤芯退化的控制；4)恶劣环境下的测试；5)新型光纤的设计与优化。我们的最终目标是开发原型光纤，供我们的工业合作伙伴MPB Technology Inc.使用，MPB Technology Inc.是一家加拿大公司，为全球各种车载系统生产fbg和edfa。作为一个额外的好处，在整个项目中，我们将培养两名博士后研究员，三名博士生和三名暑期学生，向他们传授加拿大航空航天工业研发职业的高级技能。

This proposal addresses the critical challenge of developing novel and more efficient Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) and Erbium-Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA) for applications in car/airplane engines, submarines, spacecrafts and satellites that require operation in harsh environments. By exploiting recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology, which offer unique opportunities for advanced characterization and processing at INRS/UdeM, we propose an integrated project spanning from basic research to the design, fabrication and testing of high temperature and radiation-resistant optical fibres. Our methodology combines nuclear spectroscopy and ion beam treatments with advanced surface analysis, which can provide a fundamental understanding of the factors limiting the operating regime of optical fibres to improve and optimize their performance. This approach includes analytical techniques supported by modeling, as well as testing under high temperature annealing or after hard radiation exposure conditions, used to reproduce the environment of satellites and to imitate different fatigue scenarios. The effect of fundamental parameters, such as doping concentrations, co-doping, gas-loading and thermal annealing on both fibre performance and aging are studied separately, using notably experimental investigations by time-resolved transmission electron microscopy and optical mesoscopic imaging. The five main objectives are: 1) the atomistic study of the diffusion of erbium, germanium and their related defects, 2) the development of new experimental techniques for high resolution characterization of microstructured optical fibres, 3) the control of fiber core degradation, 4) the testing in severe environments, 5) new fiber design and optimization. Our ultimate goal is to develop prototype fibers for use by our industrial partner, MPB Technology Inc., a Canadian company that manufactures FBGs and EDFAs for a large variety of on-board systems worldwide. As an added benefit, throughout this project we will train two post-doctoral fellows, three PhD students and three summer students, imparting them advanced skills for R&D careers in the Canadian aerospace industry.