Improvements in the Design of Shoulder Pads and Boards for Preventing Head Injuries During Ice Hockey Collisions

改进肩垫和肩板的设计，以防止冰球碰撞时头部受伤

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04801
• 负责人: Robinovitch, Stephen
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=566747
• 关键词: Improvements; Design; Shoulder; Pads; Boards

The proposed 5-year program of biomechanics research involves an integrated series of field and laboratory studies to improve our understanding of the dynamics of head impacts and injuries in hockey, and to use that information to design safer shoulder padding and dasher boards for players at various ages and skill levels. Under Aim 1, we will establish a “community of practice” for our engineering design projects, consisting of researchers, coaches, players, parents, and hockey association administrators. These stakeholders will participate throughout the project in designing, executing and disseminating our results, to inform and increase the impact of our efforts. Under Aim 2, we will work with the SFU hockey team and elite (checking) teams in the BC Pacific Coast Hockey association (with players aged 13-19) to record collisions in games and scrimmages, using networks of digital video cameras and wearable sensors (mounted on helmets and equipment). These data will be analyzed to identify the range of initial and boundary conditions (impact velocities and body segment configurations) and head accelerations involved in impacts to shoulder pads and boards. Under Aim 3, we will use that information to refine the design of laboratory experiments to evaluate current and novel types of shoulder pads and boards. In experiments with human participants, we will measure peak forces (from a force plate) while participants deliver “comfortable” shoulder checks to simulated players. These results will inform the development of lumped parameter mathematical models describing the impact response of the body, and of padding systems and boards. In complementary impact tests with drop tower and pendulum-type test rigs, we will measure peak linear and rotational accelerations of an impacting headform, and head injury criteria (HIC) values, during impacts onto shoulder pads and boards. These tests will simulate the range of initial and boundary conditions we observe in games. In each case, we will compare commercially available shoulder pads to novel hard and soft shell designs of varying elastic and loss modulus, thickness and surface geometry. We will also compare standard dasher boards to a novel board design containing adjustable stiffness elements between inner facing panels and outer support posts and panels. Our work involves key partners, and will train two Ph.D. students (one focused on shoulder pad design, and the other on board design) in the science and engineering of product design for injury prevention.

拟议的5年生物力学研究计划涉及一系列综合的实地和实验室研究，以提高我们对曲棍球头部撞击和受伤动态的理解，并利用这些信息为不同年龄和技能水平的球员设计更安全的肩垫和短跑板。根据目标1，我们将为我们的工程设计项目建立一个“实践社区”，由研究人员，教练，球员，家长和曲棍球协会管理人员组成。这些利益攸关方将参与整个项目的设计、执行和传播我们的成果，为我们的努力提供信息并扩大其影响。根据目标2，我们将与SFU曲棍球队和BC太平洋海岸曲棍球协会的精英（检查）队（13-19岁的球员）合作，使用数字摄像机和可穿戴传感器（安装在头盔和设备上）网络记录比赛和混战中的碰撞。将对这些数据进行分析，以确定初始和边界条件（冲击速度和身体部分配置）的范围以及与肩垫和板的冲击有关的头部加速度。根据目标3，我们将使用这些信息来完善实验室实验的设计，以评估当前和新型的肩垫和板。在与人类参与者的实验中，我们将测量峰值力（从测力板），而参与者提供“舒适”的肩膀检查模拟球员。这些结果将为描述身体以及衬垫系统和板的冲击响应的集总参数数学模型的开发提供信息。在使用落塔和缓冲型试验台进行的补充冲击试验中，我们将测量冲击人头模型的峰值线性和旋转加速度，以及冲击垫肩和板时的头部损伤标准（HIC）值。这些测试将模拟我们在游戏中观察到的初始和边界条件的范围。在每种情况下，我们将比较市售的肩垫，以不同的弹性和损耗模量，厚度和表面几何形状的新的硬和软壳设计。我们还将比较标准的搅拌板，一个新的董事会设计包含可调刚度元素之间的内面板和外支柱和面板。我们的工作涉及关键合作伙伴，并将培养两名博士。学生（一个专注于肩垫设计，另一个专注于板设计）在科学和工程的产品设计，以防止伤害。