Laser system to study exotic nuclear structure

对于原子核来说，几乎没有比形状和大小更基本的性质了。探测并因此检查核结构偏离稳定性的演化的最灵敏的方法之一是利用原子核的本质与其周围的原子电子相互作用的事实。高精度的电子能量激光探测总是以独立于模型的方式产生大量的信息。这种方法也是获得短寿命核自旋绝对值的少数方法之一，这是许多核模型所依赖的基础参数。这些测量可以在几乎整个核素图表上进行，从最轻的He和Li同位素到TRIUMF可以提供的最重的元素。它们还涵盖了整个核结构，从稳定的、相对球形的核（沿着稳定谷出现）到朝向滴线的变形极限。虽然原则上从这些测量中推导出的是纯核结构信息，但结果在物理学的许多其他领域中具有影响，这些领域通常用作输入，测试或支持测量。使用这些信息的主题范围从轻核核力的从头计算到粒子物理学标准模型和C.K.M.的测试。矩阵么正性用于研究重核内部的非均匀磁性分布，以进行高精度宇称不守恒实验。 TRIUMF的激光光谱合作目前有八个自己的提案被TRIUMF接受，并且是多个提案的合作者。在这八个实验中，有六个实验依赖于一个老化的激光系统，其核心是一个氩离子激光器，比小组中的任何一个学生都要老。在过去的一年里，由于年龄以及对TRIUMF过度征税的冷却和电力系统的依赖，该系统失败了。(The（一个系统每分钟需要6加仑以上的水通过，才能带走60千瓦以上的余热。）这一要求是一个现代化的，全固态激光系统，以取代失败的系统，从而允许继续进行高冲击实验。

There are few properties more fundamental to the atomic nucleus than its shape and size. One of the most sensitive methods of probing and therefore examining the evolution of nuclear structure away from stability is to utilise the fact that the nucleus, by its very nature, interacts with the atomic electrons that surround it. High precision laser probing of the electrons energy invariably yields vast amounts of information in a model independent manner. This method is also one of the few ways available to obtain an absolute value for the spin of short lived nuclei, a parameter that is the basis upon which many nuclear models depend. These measurements can be made across almost the entire chart of the nuclides from the very lightest He and Li isotopes up to the heaviest elements that TRIUMF can provide. They also cover the entirety of nuclear structure from the stable, relatively spherical nuclei that occur along the valley of stability out to the extremes of deformation found towards the drip lines. Whilst in principle it is pure nuclear structure information that is deduced from these measurements the results have an influence in many other areas of physics being routinely used as either inputs, tests or support measurements. Topics where this information is used range from ab-initio calculations of nuclear forces in light nuclei to tests of the standard model of particle physics and the C.K.M. matrix unitarity out to investigations into non uniform distributions of nuclear magnetism within heavy nuclei for high precision Parity non-conservation experiments. The Laser Spectroscopy Collaboration at TRIUMF currently has eight of its own proposals accepted at TRIUMF as well as being a collaborator on several more. Of these eight six relied upon an ageing laser system at the heart of which is an Argon ion laser that is older than any of the students in the group. During the past year this system failed due both to old age as well as a reliance on over taxed cooling and power systems at TRIUMF. (The system requires over six gallons of water a minute passing through in order to remove over sixty kilowatts of excess heat.) This request is for a modern, all solid state laser system to replace the failed system and therefore permit the continued running of high impact experiments.