Laser spectroscopy on exotic nuclei

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Fast beam, collinear laser spectroscopy has long been seen as a highly sensitive method with which to probe nuclear structure of ground and long lived isomeric states. When coupled to radioactive beam facilities that are capable of producing long chains of isotopes of many chemical elements these techniques can provide invaluable information on the evolution of nuclear structure from stability out to the drip lines. The use of high resolution laser spectroscopy of the atomic electrons, which in turn directly probe the nucleus, leads to a non-destructive, highly sensitive probe that can extract subtle nuclear effects in a largely model independent way. In general these methods allow for the unambiguous determination of the nuclear spin, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments along with the changes in the RMS charge radii along a nuclear chain. In certain cases it is also possible to extract higher order affects such as the nuclear magnetisation distribution, magnetic octupole moments and the absolute RMS charge radii. As such the results from this work has far reaching impact across many areas of nuclear physics ranging from nuclear structure through weak nucleon-nucleon interactions to fundamental symmetry tests of the standard model.