Basic Reading Processes in Mind and Brain

心灵和大脑的基本阅读过程

• 批准号: 183968-2013
• 负责人: Borowsky, Ron
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569677
• 关键词: Basic; Reading; Processes; Mind; Brain

Understanding literacy is tantamount to understanding basic reading processes. In 2010, the Canadian Council on Learning reported that by 2031 more than 15 million Canadian adults are predicted to have low literacy levels, an increase of 25%. Adults with low literacy levels were reported to have more health problems, earn less money, and have shorter life expectancy. By studying basic reading processes in normal readers, we can identify the neurophysiological and behavioural markers of normal reading processes, and thus provide a roadmap for reversing this trend. As such, this research is necessary for the future socioeconomic well-being of Canadian society, and the world in general. Our lab's research is focused on developing a comprehensive model of basic reading processes. Given that 'reading' today often involves a combination of information processing techniques, such as reading print and processing pictorial information (eg. when using the internet to research a topic), we are working to extend our model to include picture and symbol processing. We use spatial localization methods (i.e., non-invasive functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI) to determine where in the brain various component processes of reading and picture processing take place, and temporal/behavioural localization methods (i.e., reaction time and response duration measures) to determine when in the stages of mental processing (i.e., the mind) these component processes take place. We are also examining the effects of attention and intention on basic reading processes, given that attentional deficits have been linked with poor reading ability, and reading without intention can tell us about the degree to which the component processes of reading operate without conscious awareness. Taken together, the programs of research described here will allow us to develop a model of basic reading processes that is comprehensive, and will help to provide the roadmap for improved literacy skills in the future.

理解识字就等于理解基本的阅读过程。2010年，加拿大学习理事会报告称，到2031年，预计将有超过1500万加拿大成年人识字水平较低，增幅为25%。 据报告，识字水平低的成年人健康问题更多，收入更少，预期寿命更短。 通过研究正常读者的基本阅读过程，我们可以识别正常阅读过程的神经生理和行为标记，从而为扭转这一趋势提供路线图。 因此，这项研究对加拿大社会和整个世界未来的社会经济福祉是必要的。 我们实验室的研究重点是开发一个基本阅读过程的综合模型。 鉴于“阅读”今天往往涉及到信息处理技术的组合，如阅读打印和处理图形信息（如。当使用互联网研究一个主题时），我们正在努力扩展我们的模型，以包括图片和符号处理。 我们使用空间定位方法（即，非侵入性功能磁共振成像，fMRI）以确定阅读和图片处理的各种组成过程在大脑中的何处发生，以及时间/行为定位方法（即，反应时间和反应持续时间测量）以确定何时处于心理处理的阶段（即，这些组成过程发生。 我们还在研究注意力和意图对基本阅读过程的影响，因为注意力缺陷与阅读能力差有关，而无意图的阅读可以告诉我们阅读的组成过程在没有意识意识的情况下运作的程度。 总之，这里描述的研究计划将使我们能够开发一个全面的基本阅读过程模型，并将有助于为未来提高识字技能提供路线图。