Quantification of trace and minor elements

微量元素和微量元素的定量

• 批准号: 249583-2011
• 负责人: PejovicMilic, Ana
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=570652
• 关键词: Quantification; trace; minor; elements

The measurement of elemental content in complex samples, while leaving those samples entirely intact, presents particular challenges. The sample could be a unique work of art, an archeological artifact, a container of drugs or explosives, or a human subject. This proposal is concerned with the use of spectroscopy technique, namely x-ray florescence and neutron activation, which address the particular challenges presented by complex samples. In all these cases, the development of the techniques is firmly based in the physical sciences. The novel optical and source-based X-ray fluorescence systems have been developed to measure strontium stored in a bulk, calcified sample. The significance of strontium measurements arises because it has been demonstrated that strontium medication can reduce the risk of bone fracture in patients suffering from osteoporosis. However, little is known about its incorporation and retention by bone, which this work has potential to solve. Similar non-destructive methods to determine aluminum, manganese and magnesium in complex, calcified samples are developed by designing a new detector, experimental tactic and irradiation/shielding assembly over the last six years. The importance of human measurements of aluminum and manganese is that they are presently not available elsewhere. We would like to further improve the ability to measure these, typically toxic elements to humans, by developing a new technology and/or approaches. These improvements will lead to improved sensitivity and ability to develop a new experimental tactic for simultaneous detection of bone aluminum and manganese concentrations, required for the monitoring of occupational exposure to these toxins.

在使这些样品完全完整的同时，在复杂样本中测量元素含量，提出了特定的挑战。样本可以是独特的艺术品，考古文物，毒品或炸药容器或人类主题。该建议与光谱技术的使用有关，即X射线荧光和中子激活，这解决了复杂样品所带来的特定挑战。在所有这些情况下，技术的发展都是牢固基于物理科学的。 已经开发出了新型的光学和基于源的X射线荧光系统，以测量存储在大量的钙化样品中的锶。出现锶测量的重要性是因为已经证明锶药物可以降低患有骨质疏松症患者的骨折风险。但是，对于骨骼的掺入和保留量知之甚少，这项工作有可能解决。 在过去六年中，通过设计新的探测器，实验策略和辐照/屏蔽组件来开发类似的非破坏性方法来确定复杂，钙化样品中铝，锰和镁的类似方法。 人类对铝和锰的测量的重要性是，它们目前在其他地方尚不可用。我们希望通过开发一种新技术和/或方法来进一步提高测量这些元素的能力，通常是对人类的有毒元素。这些改进将导致提高灵敏度和发展新的实验策略，以同时检测骨铝和锰浓度，以监测对这些毒素的职业暴露所需的。