Spatial, temporal, and anthropogenic hydraulic and sediment transport regimes effecting river channel changes and habitat structures

将开展城市河流水力学和生态水力学两个方面的研究。这两个研究方向都有助于增加对水生栖息地环境及其内在复杂性的认识，同时解决与河流恢复、城市土地利用开发和基础设施更新有关的相关问题。

Two areas of research will be pursued in urban river hydraulics and eco-hydraulics. Both research directives contribute to growing knowledge in lotic habitat environments and their inherent complexity while simultaneously addressing pertinent questions related to river restoration, urban land use development, and infrastructure renewal. The first research topic is an expansion of a 15 year study examining the quasi-equilibrium characteristics of urban stream channels. On-going bed material sampling (pavement, sub pavement, and bedload) has identified seasonal trends in grain size fraction transport whereby an increased sand fraction in the spring season, hypothesized to be a result of washload derived from winter road sanding operations, has been observed. Little work has been undertaken on the effects of increased sand fractions in gravel-bed streams on channel stability and resulting habitat structure. The purpose of this research initiative is to examine if increased road sanding is contributing to urban channel changes and resulting riparian habitat by examining a series of urban and rural stream reaches in both quasi-equilibrium and disturbed conditions. The second research initiative is the deployment of Acoustic Doppler Velocity meters (ADV's) and Pulse Coherent Acoustic Doppler Profilers (PCADP) (which were funded from a CFI-LOF in 2006) to investigate flow structure in high flow and flood conditions. This research directive is examining the spawning selection preferences of river spawning fish at the redd, riffle and reach scale (averaging 40,000 velocity measurements on a single riffle, for example) based upon fluid properties and regimes. The proposed research initiative is to expand field studies into higher flow regimes towards the nexus between channel forming flows and those which maintain channel morphology and habitat structure. Further research into this field will examine the flow structure and energy losses of in-stream structures used in river restoration projects to improve design success.