Understanding the ecosystem role of Pacific herring in coupled social-ecological systems: advancing forage fish science

了解太平洋鲱鱼在耦合社会生态系统中的生态系统作用：推进饲料鱼科学

• 批准号: 447247-2013
• 负责人: Pitcher, Tony
• 金额: $ 8.82万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=575284
• 关键词: Understanding; ecosystem; role; Pacific; herring

There is a pressing need to understand the pivotal role of low-trophic level fish in social-ecological systems. In British Columbia, Pacific herring feed marine mammals, seabirds and fish, and compete with zooplanktivores: herring changes ripple through the entire food web. Moreover, herring supply both commercial and First Nations fisheries. Industrial fisheries harvest herring roe and bait, while First Nations spawn-on-kelp fisheries allow adult fish to escape. Because of these strong ecological and human connections, significant declines and lack of recovery have had large system-wide impacts. Improved ecological science of herring requires ecosystem-based analysis and integration of this fishery's strong ecological and human impacts. We aim to understand herring services, fisheries, decline and recovery, working directly with Haida and Heiltsuk First Nations as Supporting Partners, for whom herring are embedded in traditional culture. Project collaborators include ecologists, geneticists, ecosystem and DFO scientists, archaeologists and social scientists researching this ecological and cultural nexus. Our interdisciplinary team of ecosystem, fishery and molecular scientists will work with these collaborators, enabling a unique social-ecological systems approach. First, alternative hypotheses of changes in herring abundance will be assessed, including climate-induced changes to growth, mortality and recruitment, disease, predation by marine mammals, and overfishing. Next, we will conduct a spatial analysis of herring's ecosystem services and management, integrating the latest advances in ecosystem modelling and molecular genetics, data from our partners, and Traditional Ecological Knowledge. Finally, we will synthesize these innovative ecosystem-based initiatives to advance forage fish science and understand how harvesting alters social-ecological systems. Outcomes will enable our Supporting Partners to engage in co-management for herring, using innovative ecosystem-based initiatives to support culture, local ecosystems and fisheries.

迫切需要了解低营养级鱼类在社会生态系统中的关键作用。 在不列颠哥伦比亚省，太平洋鲱鱼为海洋哺乳动物、海鸟和鱼类提供食物，并与食动物动物竞争：鲱鱼的变化涟漪整个食物网。此外，鲱鱼供应商业和第一民族渔业。工业渔业收获鲱鱼卵和鱼饵，而第一民族的海藻产卵渔业允许成鱼逃脱。由于这些强有力的生态和人类联系，大幅度减少和缺乏恢复对整个系统产生了巨大影响。改善鲱鱼的生态科学需要基于生态系统的分析和整合这种渔业的强烈生态和人类影响。我们的目标是了解鲱鱼服务，渔业，衰退和恢复，直接与海达和Heiltsuk第一民族作为支持合作伙伴，鲱鱼嵌入传统文化。项目合作者包括生态学家，遗传学家，生态系统和DFO科学家，考古学家和社会科学家研究这种生态和文化关系。我们的生态系统，渔业和分子科学家的跨学科团队将与这些合作者合作，实现独特的社会生态系统方法。首先，将评估鲱鱼丰度变化的替代假设，包括气候引起的生长、死亡率和招募、疾病、海洋哺乳动物捕食和过度捕捞的变化。接下来，我们将对鲱鱼的生态系统服务和管理进行空间分析，整合生态系统建模和分子遗传学的最新进展，来自我们合作伙伴的数据以及传统生态知识。最后，我们将综合这些创新的生态系统为基础的举措，以推进饲料鱼类科学和了解如何收获改变社会生态系统。其成果将使我们的支持合作伙伴能够参与鲱鱼的共同管理，利用基于生态系统的创新举措来支持文化，当地生态系统和渔业。