The dynamics and restoration ecology of marine ecosystems

海洋生态系统动力学与恢复生态学

• 批准号: 140979-2012
• 负责人: Pitcher, Tony
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=593435
• 关键词: dynamics; restoration; ecology; marine; ecosystems

In the long term, this proposal aims to establish fresh theory for marine restoration ecology by testing hypotheses based on whole-ecosystem simulation models fitted to a diversity of case study ecosystems. Restoration in my work is based on the historical reconstruction of past ecosystem states, as affected by climate and other geochemical drivers. To date, this work has published theoretical baselines for ecosystems as they may have been with no fishing extractions, for fishing with theoretical fleets that have no discards or bycatch, and a restoration trajectory that continues to accrue benefits during the restoration period. In the short term, the next two theoretical steps are, first, to analyze upper and lower limits to forage fish production in relation to food and predators, and to investigate how speciosity in the mid trophic levels affects these limits. Second, I will examine how complexity in zooplankton food webs impacts production at higher trophic levels: this will especially provide insight of the 'regime shifts' that have been observed in many marine ecosystems. In the longer term, my work will attempt to establish further theory that will provide reference points for the restoration ecology of fisheries ecosystems that can be easily and practically estimated and show ways in which the extent to which they are attained can be measured.

从长远来看，这项建议旨在通过检验基于适用于各种案例研究生态系统的全生态系统模拟模型的假设，为海洋恢复生态学建立新的理论。我工作中的恢复是基于受气候和其他地球化学驱动因素影响的过去生态系统状态的历史重建。迄今为止，这项工作已经公布了可能没有捕捞的生态系统的理论基线，没有丢弃或副渔获物的理论船队捕鱼的理论基线，以及在恢复期间继续累积效益的恢复轨迹。在短期内，接下来的两个理论步骤是，首先分析与食物和捕食者有关的饲料鱼产量的上限和下限，并调查中层营养水平的专门性如何影响这些上限。其次，我将研究浮游动物食物网的复杂性如何影响较高营养水平的产量：这将特别提供在许多海洋生态系统中观察到的“制度变化”的洞察力。从长远来看，我的工作将试图建立进一步的理论，为渔业生态系统的恢复生态提供参考点，这些参考点可以很容易和实际地估计，并显示如何衡量实现这些恢复生态系统的程度。