Technology for Analysis of miRNA Signatures (TAmiRS): a Novel Tool for Personalized Cancer Medicine

在每种类型的癌症中，有多个亚型表现出不同程度的攻击性行为，并需要 不同的管理策略。因此，经典的“一刀切”的癌症管理方法并不有效。 为了有效，癌症治疗应该通过使用患者特定的特征来个性化--这是 个性化的抗癌药物。MiRNAs是非常有前景的分子标记，用于准确诊断癌症亚型 每种癌症亚型都可能与一种独特的定量miRNA信号有关。尽管尽了一切努力来确定 在癌症亚型的miRNA签名中，甚至没有一个单独的miRNA签名被验证和批准用于临床。 MiRNA签名的发现和验证需要一种(I)定量、(Ii)高灵敏、 (3)坚固耐用，(4)能够同时分析多个miRNAs，(5)成本效益高，(6)快速。这样的一个 技术并不存在，这可以说是我们将miRNA签名用于癌症实际应用的主要挑战 医药。我们建议开发一种分析miRNA签名的技术(Tamir)，它满足6 并可实现miRNA签名的发现和验证。我们最近发明了乐器和 方法方法，可以促进Tamir的独特能力，测量绝对数量的多重 没有校准曲线的miRNAs。在不同实验室获得的Tamir结果可以汇集在一起用于 分析，这对于发现和验证需要分析数千名患者的miRNA签名至关重要 样本。当miRNA签名被验证后，Tamir可用于临床癌症亚型诊断 设置。了解癌症亚型将使医生能够选择最合适的治疗方法。这将是重要的一步。 走向个性化的癌症药物。

Within each type of cancer there are multiple subtypes that exhibit different levels of aggressive behaviour and require different management strategies. As a result, the classical "one-size-fits-all" approach in cancer management is not efficient. To be efficient, a cancer therapy should be personalized by using patient-specific characteristics - this is the paradigm of personalized cancer medicine. MiRNAs are very promising molecular markers for accurately diagnosing cancer subtypes as every cancer subtype is presumably associated with a unique quantitative miRNA signature. Despite all efforts to identify miRNA signatures of cancer subtypes, there is not even a single miRNA signature validated and approved for clinical use. Discovery and validation of miRNA signatures require a miRNA analysis technology that is (i) quantitative, (ii) highlysensitive, (iii) rugged, (iv) capable of simultaneously analyzing multiple miRNAs, (v) cost-effective, and (vi) rapid. Such a technology does not exist and this is arguably the major challenge on our way to practical use of miRNA signatures in cancer medicine. We propose to develop a Technology for Analysis of miRNA Signatures (TAmiRS), which satisfies the 6 requirements and can enable the discovery and validation of miRNA signatures. We recently invented instrumental and methodological approaches that can facilitate TAmiRS with its unique capability of measuring absolute amounts of multiple miRNAs without calibration curves. The TAmiRS results obtained in different laboratories can be pooled together for analysis, which is pivotal for discovery and validation of miRNA signatures requiring the analysis of thousands of patient samples. When a miRNA signature has been validated, TAmiRS can be used for cancer subtype diagnosis in a clinical setup. Knowing cancer subtypes will allow physicians to choose most suitable therapies. This will be a significant step towards personalized cancer medicine.