RF Time Series Flashlight for Targeted Prostate Biopsy

前列腺癌仍然是加拿大男性诊断出的最常见的癌症，每年约有2.5万新病例。 考虑到使用前列腺特异性抗原早期检测前列腺癌(PCA)的变幻莫测，有一种急性 需要加强对该病的发现和分级，以改善其临床管理。高等级的PCA必须 早期准确地诊断，以便适当地治疗发病率和死亡率较高的患者。与此同时，这一点 必须平衡低度前列腺癌的过度治疗，通过积极监测可以将其降至最低。金子 前列腺癌的诊断和分级的标准是经直肠超声(TRUS)引导下的活检，然后是病理。TRUS引导 活检是通过从前列腺中提取8到12个组织样本来进行的，使用的标准程序是盲目的 个别患者的解剖或病理，假阴性率高。磁共振研究的最新进展 磁共振成像(MRI)有助于提高高级别PCA的检测率。不幸的是，仅靠核磁共振不能准确地 诊断PCA。此外，在TRUS引导下的活检过程中，MR中发现的癌灶必须被准确定位。目前， 这需要复杂的机械平台来引导活组织检查针，或者，如果由软件执行，则不需要 充分考虑患者在活检过程中发生的运动或器官变形。 我们提出了一种统包技术，我们将其命名为RF Flashlight，其中来自超声RF信号时间序列的信息是 与MR信息一起使用，以提高对高级别癌症的检测，供临床干预。我们也 设计先进的超声成像方法，使我们能够在徒手活检中定位MRI识别的癌症病灶； 方法补偿患者或临床医生的运动。这项技术有可能对 所有病人的生命。

Prostate cancer remains the most common cancer diagnosed in men in Canada, with about 25,000 new cases per year. Given the vagaries of early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) with the use of prostate specific antigen, there is an acute need to enhance detection and grading of this malignancy in order to improve its clinical management. High grade PCa must be diagnosed early and accurately to appropriately treat patients at higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Meanwhile, this has to be balanced against over-treatment of low grade PCa which can be minimized via active surveillance. The gold standard for PCa diagnosis and grading is Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy followed by pathology. TRUSguided biopsy is performed by taking eight to 12 tissue samples from the prostate using a standard protocol that is blind to individual patient anatomy or pathology and has a high rate of false negatives. Recent advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have helped improve high grade PCa detection rate. Unfortunately, MRI alone is not able to accurately diagnose PCa. In addition, cancer foci identified in MR have to be accurately located during TRUS-guided biopsy. Currently, this requires either sophisticated mechanical platforms to guide the biopsy needles or, if performed by software, does not fully account for patient motion or organ deformation occurring during biopsy. We propose a turnkey technology we name RF Flashlight, where information from a time series of ultrasound RF signals is used along with MR information in order to improve the detection of high grade cancer for clinical intervention. We also design advanced ultrasound imaging methods to enable localization of cancer foci identified by MRI in freehand biopsy; our method compensates for patient or clinician motion. This technology has the potential to positively and rapidly impact the lives of all patients.