Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models

通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Anthropogenic perturbations of the global carbon and nitrogen cycles are altering fundamental physical and chemical properties of the ocean including water temperature, vertical stratification, circulation, pH, nutrient regimes and oxygen levels. It is expected that these changes in environmental conditions will strongly affect planktonic communities (which support the marine food web and play a major role in regulating the ocean’s uptake of carbon) and higher trophic level species like fish, bivalves and crustaceans (which are of commercial importance). Numerical models that accurately simulate physical, chemical and biological processes are a key tool for describing current and future environmental ocean conditions; however, a paucity of detailed ocean observations has severely limited efforts to critically evaluate models and improve their realism. To date there is no consensus on an appropriate biogeochemical model structure, and model projections of how ocean conditions will change in the coming century vary dramatically. Furthermore, model projections of future conditions (including those of the IPCC) rely on global models that lack the spatial resolution to adequately represent coastal regions (defined here to include continental shelves, i.e. regions with water depths <200m). Yet coastal processes have been shown to significantly affect global element cycles, and the coastal ocean is experiencing some of the fastest changes and is of most direct importance for human activities. The long-term objective of my research program is to develop models that better predict how natural variability, human pressures and climate change affect marine ecosystems now and in the future. The projects proposed here aim specifically at improving biogeochemical models in two key aspects: by combining models with new data streams from a range of ocean observing systems in order to improve process-level representations and parameterizations (Theme 1), and by improving the representation of biogeochemical processes in shelf regions through highly resolved regional models with dynamic benthic-pelagic coupling (Theme 2). Theme 1 takes advantage of recent progress in the development of autonomous oceanographic platforms and compact, low-cost sensors for measuring many important biological and chemical quantities in the ocean. The developments allow us to gather observations at ecologically relevant spatial and temporal scales and offer enormous potential for improving biogeochemical models. Theme 2 directly addresses a major shortcoming of current models, namely the lack biogeochemical interaction between sediments and water column. Prior research has shown that the exchange of constituents between sediments and the overlying water column is of major importance in determining productivity and environmental conditions in coastal systems unlike in the deep ocean where such exchange is weak. At present models either neglect or crudely parameterize this interaction. Biogeochemical models are and will continue to be essential tools in assessing, understanding and projecting the environmental changes affecting coastal and open ocean ecosystems. Further development of these tools is of global relevance and of strategic importance for Canada given its long coastline, its dependence on coastal resources and its commitment to implementing an ecosystem approach to ocean resource management. The program proposed here will lead to concrete model improvements.
全球碳和氮气周期的人为扰动正在改变海洋的基本物理和化学特性,包括水温,垂直分层,循环,pH,养分状态和氧气水平。预计环境条件下的这些变化将强烈影响浮游群落(支持海洋食品网络,并在调节海洋对碳的摄取中发挥重要作用)和更高的营养水平物种,例如鱼类,双壳类动物和甲壳类动物(商业上的重要性)。准确模拟物理,化学和生物过程的数值模型是描述当前和未来环境海洋条件的关键工具;但是,缺乏详细的海洋观察,在批判性地评估模型和改善现实主义方面的努力严重有限。迄今为止,在适当的生物地球化学模型结构上尚无共识,并且模型的预测在下个世纪将如何变化差异很大。此外,未来条件的模型项目(包括IPCC的条件)依靠缺乏空间分辨率的全球模型来充分代表沿海地区(此处定义为包括连续货架,即水深度<200m的区域)。然而,沿海过程已显示出显着影响全球元素周期,沿海海洋正在经历一些最快的变化,并且对人类活动至关重要。 我的研究计划的长期目标是开发模型,以更好地预测现在和将来的自然变异性,人类压力和气候变化如何影响海洋生态系统。这里提出的项目专门旨在改善两个关键方面的生物地球化学模型:通过将模型与来自一系列海洋观察系统的新数据流相结合,以改善过程级别的表示和参数(主题1),并通过将架子区域的生物地球化学过程改善通过高度确定的区域模型与动态模型的架子区域模型改善生物地球化学过程。主题1利用了自主海洋学平台发展的最新进展以及紧凑的低成本传感器,用于测量海洋中许多重要的生物学和化学量。这些发展使我们能够以生态相关的空间和临时量表收集观察结果,并为改善生物地球化学模型提供了巨大的潜力。主题2直接解决了当前模型的主要缺点,即缺乏沉积物和水柱之间的生物地球化学相互作用。先前的研究表明,与深海相比,在确定沿海系统的生产率和环境条件方面,沉积物之间的构成和上覆的水柱在确定沿海系统的生产率和环境条件方面至关重要。目前,模型忽略或粗略地参数化了这种相互作用。 生物地球化学模型是并且将继续是评估,理解和预测影响沿海和开放海洋生态系统的环境变化的重要工具。鉴于其长期海岸线,对沿海资源的依赖以及对实施海洋资源管理的生态系统方法的承诺,这些工具的进一步开发对加拿大具有全球认可和战略重要性。这里提出的计划将导致具体的模型改进。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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Fennel, Katja其他文献

Nitrogen cycling in the Middle Atlantic Bight: Results from a three-dimensional model and implications for the North Atlantic nitrogen budget
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2005gb002456
  • 发表时间:
    2006-07-19
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.2
  • 作者:
    Fennel, Katja;Wilkin, John;Haidvogel, Dale
  • 通讯作者:
    Haidvogel, Dale
Ocean biogeochemical modelling
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s43586-022-00154-2
  • 发表时间:
    2022-09-22
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Fennel, Katja;Mattern, Jann Paul;Yu, Liuqian
  • 通讯作者:
    Yu, Liuqian
Modeling denitrification in aquatic sediments
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10533-008-9270-z
  • 发表时间:
    2009-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4
  • 作者:
    Fennel, Katja;Brady, Damian;Tobias, Craig
  • 通讯作者:
    Tobias, Craig
Estimating time-dependent parameters for a biological ocean model using an emulator approach
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.01.015
  • 发表时间:
    2012-08-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.8
  • 作者:
    Mattern, Jann Paul;Fennel, Katja;Dowd, Michael
  • 通讯作者:
    Dowd, Michael
Climate Change Projected to Exacerbate Impacts of Coastal Eutrophication in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
  • DOI:
    10.1002/2017jc013583
  • 发表时间:
    2018-05-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.6
  • 作者:
    Laurent, Arnaud;Fennel, Katja;Lehrter, John
  • 通讯作者:
    Lehrter, John

Fennel, Katja的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Fennel, Katja', 18)}}的其他基金

Improving estimates of ocean productivity and carbon sequestration through a combination of autonomous observation- and model-based approaches
通过结合自主观测和基于模型的方法改进对海洋生产力和碳封存的估计
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2022-02975
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models
通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Assessment and Verification Tools for Ocean-based Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)
海洋二氧化碳去除 (CDR) 的评估和验证工具
  • 批准号:
    570525-2021
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Alliance Grants
Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models
通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models
通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models
通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Canada Research Chair in Marine Prediction
加拿大海洋预测研究主席
  • 批准号:
    1000221245-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Canada Research Chair in Marine Prediction
加拿大海洋预测研究主席
  • 批准号:
    1221245-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Canada Research Chair in Marine Prediction
加拿大海洋预测研究主席
  • 批准号:
    1000221245-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Marine environmental prediction through improved biogeochemical models
通过改进的生物地球化学模型进行海洋环境预测
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-03938
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 4.44万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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