Exploring interactions among climatic stressors and adaptive freshwater metacommunities

探索气候压力源与适应性淡水元群落之间的相互作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04684
• 负责人: Vinebrooke, Rolf
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=589950
• 关键词: Exploring; interactions; among; climatic; stressors

The ecological surprises of global change attest to the lack of a conceptual approach to the study of cumulative impacts by multiple novel and rapid environmental changes (i.e. stressors). Interactions among stressors and species are at the core of these unexpected events as they result in indirect effects that cannot be easily predicted based on knowledge of single direct effects. However, mechanistic understanding of the mediating effects of abiotic and biotic (e.g., competition, predation) interactions, species dispersal, and adaptation on stressed communities remains very limited. Integration of the evolving niche and metacommunity concepts provides a tool for discovering eco-evolutionary dynamics involving multiple stressors, such as extreme climatic events (e.g., drought and heat waves). Functional species traits must also be considered in such an approach to enable forecasting of the net impacts of climatic stressors on ecosystem function and their services. The premise of my proposal is that exploring pond metacommunities along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients can reveal how global warming affects biodiversity and functional performance. Several discoveries by my group of young scientists are the basis for this proposed research, which will build on our empirical strength to investigate the net effects of multiple stressors on aquatic ecosystems. We will address these four research objectives over the next five years:

全球变化在生态方面的惊人之处证明，在研究多种新的和迅速的环境变化（即压力）的累积影响方面缺乏一种概念性的方法。压力源和物种之间的相互作用是这些意外事件的核心，因为它们会导致间接影响，而这些影响无法根据对单一直接影响的了解轻易预测。然而，对非生物和生物（例如，竞争、捕食）相互作用、物种扩散和对胁迫群落的适应仍然非常有限。生态位和亚生态位概念的整合为发现涉及多种压力源的生态进化动力学提供了一种工具，例如极端气候事件（例如，干旱和热浪）。在这种方法中还必须考虑到物种的功能特性，以便能够预测气候压力对生态系统功能及其服务的净影响。我的建议的前提是，探索池塘metacitivities沿沿着海拔和纬度梯度可以揭示全球变暖如何影响生物多样性和功能性能。我的年轻科学家小组的几项发现是这项拟议研究的基础，这项研究将建立在我们的经验优势之上，以调查多种压力对水生生态系统的净影响。我们将在未来五年内解决这四个研究目标：