Exploring interactions among climatic stressors and adaptive freshwater metacommunities

探索气候压力源与适应性淡水元群落之间的相互作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04684
• 负责人: Vinebrooke, Rolf
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=667822
• 关键词: Exploring; interactions; among; climatic; stressors

The ecological surprises of global change attest to the lack of a conceptual approach to the study of cumulative impacts by multiple novel and rapid environmental changes (i.e. stressors). Interactions among stressors and species are at the core of these unexpected events as they result in indirect effects that cannot be easily predicted based on knowledge of single direct effects. However, mechanistic understanding of the mediating effects of abiotic and biotic (e.g., competition, predation) interactions, species dispersal, and adaptation on stressed communities remains very limited. Integration of the evolving niche and metacommunity concepts provides a tool for discovering eco-evolutionary dynamics involving multiple stressors, such as extreme climatic events (e.g., drought and heat waves). Functional species traits must also be considered in such an approach to enable forecasting of the net impacts of climatic stressors on ecosystem function and their services. The premise of my proposal is that exploring pond metacommunities along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients can reveal how global warming affects biodiversity and functional performance. Several discoveries by my group of young scientists are the basis for this proposed research, which will build on our empirical strength to investigate the net effects of multiple stressors on aquatic ecosystems. We will address these four research objectives over the next five years:***1. Using a space-for-time approach, construct community response surfaces in the context of climate change.***2. Test for indirect effects of drought, higher temperature, and species interactions on local communities.***3. Test for "rescue effects" by regional species pools on climatically stressed local communities.***4. Test the potential for climatic niche adaptation in focal species.***Success of the proposed research will depend highly on my ability to mentor a dynamic HQP team. My strategy continues to consist of frequent interaction, constructive criticism, encouragement, and sharing of resources among all members of my lab. HQP receive training across a high diversity of disciplines, including paleolimnology, limnology, whole-ecosystem and mesocosm experiments, quantitative taxonomy, and multivariate analyses. The state-of-the-art research infrastructure provided by the University of Alberta and also my own lab enables me to provide comprehensive ecological and taxonomic training, generating skill sets that are increasingly in demand by academic, governmental, and private environmental agencies conducting environmental assessments of impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Though my focus is here on the ecological impacts of global warming, my proposed conceptual approach is broadly applicable to the study of other multiple stressors affecting aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.  **

全球变化的生态意外证明，缺乏一种概念方法来研究多种新颖和快速的环境变化（即压力源）的累积影响。压力源和物种之间的相互作用是这些意外事件的核心，因为它们会导致间接影响，而这些影响无法根据单一直接影响的知识轻易预测。然而，对非生物和生物（例如竞争、捕食）相互作用、物种传播和适应对压力群落的调节作用的机制理解仍然非常有限。不断发展的生态位和元群落概念的整合提供了一种工具，用于发现涉及多种压力源的生态进化动态，例如极端气候事件（例如干旱和热浪）。这种方法还必须考虑功能性物种特征，以便能够预测气候压力源对生态系统功能及其服务的净影响。我的提议的前提是，沿着海拔和纬度梯度探索池塘元群落可以揭示全球变暖如何影响生物多样性和功能表现。我的年轻科学家小组的几项发现是这项拟议研究的基础，该研究将以我们的经验实力为基础，研究多种压力源对水生生态系统的净影响。 我们将在未来五年内实现这四个研究目标：***1。使用空间换时间的方法，构建气候变化背景下的社区响应面。***2。测试干旱、高温和物种相互作用对当地社区的间接影响。***3。测试区域物种库对气候压力较大的当地社区的“救援效果”。***4。测试重点物种的气候生态位适应潜力。***拟议研究的成功将在很大程度上取决于我指导充满活力的 HQP 团队的能力。我的策略仍然包括实验室所有成员之间的频繁互动、建设性批评、鼓励和资源共享。 HQP 接受多种学科的培训，包括古湖泊学、湖泊学、整个生态系统和中生态实验、定量分类学和多元分析。阿尔伯塔大学和我自己的实验室提供的最先进的研究基础设施使我能够提供全面的生态和分类学培训，培养学术、政府和私人环境机构对生物多样性和生态系统服务影响进行环境评估越来越需要的技能。 尽管我的重点是全球变暖的生态影响，但我提出的概念方法广泛适用于影响水生和陆地生态系统的其他多重压力源的研究。  **