Solid-State Magnetic Resonance Studies of Reaction Mechanisms and Ion Dynamics in Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion

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The performance of many electrochemical devices, such as batteries and fuel cells, depends on the movement of ions. For example, the movement of lithium ions determines the rate at which a battery can be recharged, and the acceleration performance of an electric vehicle. The recurring theme in our research is to understand these dynamics quantitatively, and site-specifically. In the next phase of our research program we propose to quantify Li+ ion dynamics, and to correlated site-specific dynamics with the crystal structures of important new cathode materials, using 6Li solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SS-NMR). Materials of interest include the open-framework tavorites and pyrophosphates. In situ 7Li NMR spectroscopy of cycling lithium ion cells will be implemented to study the electrochemical processes as they happen.