Visual and interactive computing for surgery and medicine

用于外科和医学的视觉和交互式计算

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04462
• 负责人: Chan, Sonny
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612979
• 关键词: Visual; interactive; computing; surgery; medicine

In this data-rich era, there is much untapped potential to use computing to help us interpret and understand our observations of the physical world. In the domain of medicine, we now have an unprecedented ability to image the human body and generate repositories of rich, three-dimensional image data. Despite advances in imaging technologies, most physicians today still examine images as if they were on a sheet of film, severely limiting the knowledge and understanding they can efficiently extract from the data. The central theme of the proposed research program is the investigation of visual and interactive computing techniques that will improve the way clinicians, scientists, and trainees are able to understand, interpret, and utilize medical images. The proposed research aims to advance knowledge in computer science which will enable creation of interactive virtual environments to permit exploration and touch-based manipulation of realistic, three-dimensional models derived from medical images. Drawing a motivating example from the application of surgical planning, imagine if an accurate and realistic virtual model of a patient could be constructed from pre-operative image data. What if the surgeon could interactively manipulate the model to reveal pertinent anatomical structures and their spatial relationships in 3D? What if the surgeon could use a familiar instrument to perform a virtual dissection, and feel contact and resistive forces during the operation while the anatomical model responds in a physically realistic manner? To achieve these capabilities, scientific challenges in a number of core areas of computer science must be addressed. These include (1) image analysis and geometric modelling, (2) real-time volume rendering and visualization, (3) haptic rendering and touch-based interaction, (4) collision detection and physically-based simulation, and (5) design and evaluation of interactive virtual environments. Research along the five stated directions forms the basis of investigation for the proposed research program. Progress in each research direction would contribute to scientific knowledge in that field, and that knowledge can have applications in a variety of disciplines. Advances in all focus areas, in concert, would have the greatest significance in realizing the vision of enhancing medical education, diagnosis, treatment planning, and computer-assisted intervention through use of visual and interactive computing. Ongoing collaborations with practicing clinicians grant us access to real-world data, and at the same time allows us to validate the correctness and utility of the methods developed. The research problems to be addressed are driven by real needs, ensuring that results would benefit applications with practical value, and potentially increasing the likelihood of technology translation or commercialization.

在这个数据丰富的时代，有很多未开发的潜力可以使用计算来帮助我们解释和理解我们对物理世界的观察。在医学领域，我们现在拥有前所未有的能力来对人体进行成像，并生成丰富的三维图像数据库。尽管成像技术取得了进步，但今天的大多数医生仍然像在一张胶片上一样检查图像，严重限制了他们可以有效地从数据中提取的知识和理解。拟议的研究计划的中心主题是视觉和交互式计算技术的调查，这将提高临床医生，科学家和学员能够理解，解释和利用医学图像的方式。 拟议的研究旨在推进计算机科学知识，这将使创建交互式虚拟环境，以允许探索和基于触摸的操纵来自医学图像的逼真的三维模型。从手术规划的应用中绘制一个激励性的例子，想象一下，如果可以从术前图像数据构建患者的准确和逼真的虚拟模型。如果外科医生可以交互式地操纵模型，以显示相关的解剖结构及其3D空间关系，那会怎么样？如果外科医生可以使用熟悉的仪器进行虚拟解剖，并在手术过程中感受到接触力和阻力，同时解剖模型以物理逼真的方式做出反应，那会怎么样？ 为了实现这些能力，必须解决计算机科学的一些核心领域的科学挑战。这些包括（1）图像分析和几何建模，（2）实时体积渲染和可视化，（3）触觉渲染和基于触摸的交互，（4）碰撞检测和基于物理的模拟，以及（5）交互式虚拟环境的设计和评估。沿着上述五个方向的研究构成了拟议研究计划的调查基础。 每一个研究方向的进展都将有助于增加该领域的科学知识，而这些知识可以应用于各种学科。所有重点领域的进展，协调一致，将有最大的意义，在实现通过使用视觉和交互式计算来加强医学教育，诊断，治疗规划和计算机辅助干预的愿景。与执业临床医生的持续合作使我们能够访问真实世界的数据，同时使我们能够验证所开发方法的正确性和实用性。要解决的研究问题是由真实的需求驱动的，确保结果将有利于具有实际价值的应用，并有可能增加技术转化或商业化的可能性。