Visual and interactive computing for surgery and medicine

用于外科和医学的视觉和交互式计算

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04462
• 负责人: Chan, Sonny
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=647138
• 关键词: Visual; interactive; computing; surgery; medicine

In this data-rich era, there is much untapped potential to use computing to help us interpret and understand our observations of the physical world. In the domain of medicine, we now have an unprecedented ability to image the human body and generate repositories of rich, three-dimensional image data. Despite advances in imaging technologies, most physicians today still examine images as if they were on a sheet of film, severely limiting the knowledge and understanding they can efficiently extract from the data. The central theme of the proposed research program is the investigation of visual and interactive computing techniques that will improve the way clinicians, scientists, and trainees are able to understand, interpret, and utilize medical images.***The proposed research aims to advance knowledge in computer science which will enable creation of interactive virtual environments to permit exploration and touch-based manipulation of realistic, three-dimensional models derived from medical images. Drawing a motivating example from the application of surgical planning, imagine if an accurate and realistic virtual model of a patient could be constructed from pre-operative image data. What if the surgeon could interactively manipulate the model to reveal pertinent anatomical structures and their spatial relationships in 3D? What if the surgeon could use a familiar instrument to perform a virtual dissection, and feel contact and resistive forces during the operation while the anatomical model responds in a physically realistic manner?***To achieve these capabilities, scientific challenges in a number of core areas of computer science must be addressed. These include (1) image analysis and geometric modelling, (2) real-time volume rendering and visualization, (3) haptic rendering and touch-based interaction, (4) collision detection and physically-based simulation, and (5) design and evaluation of interactive virtual environments. Research along the five stated directions forms the basis of investigation for the proposed research program.***Progress in each research direction would contribute to scientific knowledge in that field, and that knowledge can have applications in a variety of disciplines. Advances in all focus areas, in concert, would have the greatest significance in realizing the vision of enhancing medical education, diagnosis, treatment planning, and computer-assisted intervention through use of visual and interactive computing. Ongoing collaborations with practicing clinicians grant us access to real-world data, and at the same time allows us to validate the correctness and utility of the methods developed. The research problems to be addressed are driven by real needs, ensuring that results would benefit applications with practical value, and potentially increasing the likelihood of technology translation or commercialization.**

在这个数据丰富的时代，使用计算来帮助我们解释和理解我们对物理世界的观察有很多未开发的潜力。在医学领域，我们现在有一种前所未有的能力来对人体进行成像，并生成丰富的三维图像数据库。尽管成像技术取得了进步，但今天大多数医生仍然像检查一张胶片一样检查图像，这严重限制了他们从数据中有效提取的知识和理解。所提议的研究计划的中心主题是研究可视化和交互式计算技术，这些技术将改善临床医生、科学家和学员理解、解释和利用医学图像的方式。***拟议的研究旨在促进计算机科学知识的发展，这将使交互式虚拟环境的创建成为可能，从而允许对源自医学图像的真实三维模型进行探索和基于触摸的操作。从手术计划的应用中得到一个鼓舞人心的例子，想象一下如果可以从术前图像数据中构建一个准确而逼真的患者虚拟模型。如果外科医生可以交互式地操作模型，以显示相关的解剖结构和它们在3D中的空间关系呢？如果外科医生可以使用熟悉的仪器进行虚拟解剖，并在手术过程中感受到接触和阻力，而解剖模型以物理真实的方式做出反应，那会怎么样？为了实现这些能力，必须解决计算机科学许多核心领域的科学挑战。这些包括(1)图像分析和几何建模，(2)实时体绘制和可视化，(3)触觉绘制和基于触摸的交互，(4)碰撞检测和基于物理的仿真，以及(5)交互式虚拟环境的设计和评估。沿着这五个方向的研究构成了拟议研究计划的调查基础。每个研究方向的进展都将有助于该领域的科学知识，而这些知识可以应用于各种学科。所有重点领域的进步，在实现通过使用视觉和交互式计算加强医学教育、诊断、治疗计划和计算机辅助干预的愿景方面，将具有最大的意义。与执业临床医生的持续合作使我们能够访问真实世界的数据，同时使我们能够验证所开发方法的正确性和实用性。所要解决的研究问题是由实际需求驱动的，确保结果将有利于具有实用价值的应用，并潜在地增加技术转化或商业化的可能性