Regulation of isoprenoid metabolism in Lavandula

薰衣草类异戊二烯代谢的调节

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04858
• 负责人: Mahmoud, Soheil
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613211
• 关键词: Regulation; isoprenoid; metabolism; Lavandula

This research will improve our understanding of the production of the isoprenoid, or terpenoid, class of natural products, also known as secondary or specialized metabolites, in plants. The isoprenoids encompass over 30,000 biochemical compounds that play crucial roles in the growth, development and ecology of plants. They are also industrially very significant and impact human lives as key constituents of functional foods, cosmetics, hygiene products, medicines, and biofuels, among others. Given the physiological roles and industrial importance of the terpenoids, there is considerable interest in understanding the molecular, biochemical and cellular mechanisms that control their production in plants. In particular, regulation of isoprenoid metabolism and storage in plants is poorly understood. The proposed studies focus on the regulation of the production of essential oil (EO) constituents (mono- and sesquiterpenes; the C10 and C15 class of the terpenoids, respectively) in lavenders, which are important agricultural plants worldwide, and are noteworthy emerging crops in Canada. Lavenders produce large quantities of EO in glandular trichomes (or oil glands) present on the surfaces of leaf and flower parts. The EOs find extensive applications in foods (e.g., candies and cookies), cosmetics (e.g., perfumes and deodorants), personal care products (e.g., soaps and shampoos), and in alternative medicines (e.g., several products used in aromatherapy). The overall goal of this research is to investigate the molecular biology of mono- and sesquiterpene production and storage in lavenders. Specific objectives are to identify, clone and study the functions of the structural and regulatory genes involved in the biosynthesis and secretion of EO constituents, and in partitioning of carbon to various terpenoid sub-classes. The proposed research generates knowledge in an important and currently active area of plant science. The findings, which can be extrapolated to other plants, provide several avenues for improving EO yield and quality, and other important agronomic traits such as resistance to disease, in lavenders and related plants through plant breeding and biotechnology. There is also excellent potential for development of technologies for enhancing the production of industrially important phytochemicals in plants, and for production of high value terpenoids in microbial and/or cell-free in vitro systems. Further, the research facilitates collaboration among university, government and industrial researchers and creates opportunities for training and employment of undergraduate and graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows. Additionally, the research benefits several industry sectors including lavender farmers, and businesses that rely on medicinal and industrial plants that produce commercially relevant isoprenoids.

这项研究将提高我们对植物中类异戊二烯或萜类天然产物（也称为次级或专门代谢产物）的生产的理解。类异戊二烯包含超过30，000种生物化学化合物，在植物的生长，发育和生态学中起着关键作用。它们在工业上也非常重要，并作为功能性食品、化妆品、卫生用品、药品和生物燃料等的关键成分影响人类生活。鉴于萜类化合物的生理作用和工业重要性，人们对了解控制其在植物中产生的分子、生物化学和细胞机制有相当大的兴趣。特别是，植物中类异戊二烯代谢和储存的调节知之甚少。拟议的研究集中在熏衣草精油（EO）成分（单萜和倍半萜; C10和C15类的萜类化合物，分别）的生产的监管，这是世界各地的重要农业植物，是值得注意的新兴作物在加拿大。熏衣草在叶和花表面的腺毛（或油腺）中产生大量的EO。EO在食品中有广泛的应用（例如，糖果和饼干），化妆品（例如，香料和芳香剂），个人护理产品（例如，肥皂和洗发水），以及替代药物（例如，在芳香疗法中使用的几种产品）。本研究的总体目标是研究熏衣草中单萜和倍半萜产生和储存的分子生物学。具体目标是鉴定、克隆和研究参与EO组分的生物合成和分泌以及将碳分配给各种萜类化合物亚类的结构和调控基因的功能。 拟议的研究产生的知识在植物科学的一个重要和目前活跃的领域。这些发现可以推广到其他植物，为通过植物育种和生物技术提高熏衣草和相关植物的EO产量和质量以及其他重要的农艺性状（如抗病性）提供了几种途径。还存在开发用于增强植物中工业上重要的植物化学物质的生产以及用于在微生物和/或无细胞体外系统中生产高价值萜类化合物的技术的极好潜力。此外，研究促进大学，政府和工业研究人员之间的合作，并为本科生和研究生以及博士后研究员的培训和就业创造机会。此外，这项研究还使几个行业受益，包括熏衣草种植者，以及依赖生产商业相关类异戊二烯的药用和工业植物的企业。