Optimization and Enhancement of Bioreactor Landfill Technology and Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Mitigating Ammonia Inhibition

通过减轻氨抑制优化和增强生物反应器填埋技术以及城市固体废物有机部分的厌氧消化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05153
• 负责人: Sartaj, Majid
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613385
• 关键词: Optimization; Enhancement; Bioreactor; Landfill; Technology

The concept of bioreactor landfill technology (BLT) to manage municipal solid waste (MSW) is a promising climate change mitigation option and a sustainable technology. However, high concentrations of ammonia and its inhibitory effects is an operational challenge and could result in low methane production. The main objective of the proposal is the optimization & enhancement of BLT and anaerobic digestion (AD) of OFMSW by mitigating ammonia inhibition through conducting 3 research projects: #1 (MASc): Assessment of ammonia inhibition on mesophilic AD of OFMSW at different concentrations, pH, level of adaptation, and characterization of microbial communities. Bio-methane potential (BMP) assay tests (batch mode & semi-continuous) will be carried out based on a factorial experimental design. BMP assays will be run with 5 NH3 concentrations & 3 pH levels. The net cumulative biogas production (CBP) will be statistically analyzed using ANOVA, t-test & Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Samples will be analyzed by FISH, 16sRNA to identify the bacterial strings present & by Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) imaging to determine the ratio of live vs. dead cells. #2 (PhD-1): Enhancing AD of OFMSW and biogas production by removal of ammonia from recirculated leachate. Bioreactor columns (BCs) will be monitored at 35 °C. Waste will be placed in layers and compacted. Then, leachate will be recirculated through BCs. Leachate samples will be collected weekly and analyzed for pH, DO, COD, TAN, alkalinity, VFAs, ORP. BC1 & BC2 will act as control and ammonia will be maintained above the inhibitory level. For BC3 & BC4, leachate will be treated by passing through a zeolite/resin bed in order to remove ammonia. pH will be at 6.5. BC5 & BC6 will be similar to BC3 & BC4 except a pH of 7.5. Biogas will be collected and the waste will be characterized (TS, VS,…). A mass balance will be performed for carbon and nitrogen. Leachate will be analyzed by FISH, 16S rRNA, and CLSM. #3 (PhD-2): Enhancement of BLT through blending (staging) mature & young leachate before recirculating leachate back into bioreactor landfills. This is an original & novel concept and not reported before. The hypothesis was tested by BMP batch experiments by the applicant with promising results. BCs will be used with 4 mixing ratios of young and mature leachate: 3/3Y:0/3M, 2/3Y:1/3M, 1/3Y:2/3M, & 0/3Y:3/3M. Leachate will be analyzed for pH, COD, TAN, alkalinity, VFAs, DO, and ORP. Biogas will be collected & analyzed. The waste will be characterized and a mass balance will be performed for carbon and nitrogen. Leachate will be analyzed by FISH, 16S rRNA, and CLSM. The research will have profound technological, social, environmental and/or health benefits that will help achieving a more sustainable development, will improve the quality of life for Canadians and will benefit project managers, engineers, technicians and practitioners in industry.

生物反应器垃圾填埋技术（BLT）管理市政固体废物（MSW）的概念是应许的气候变化缓解选择和可持续技术。但是，高浓度的氨及其抑制作用是一项操作挑战，可能导致甲烷的产生低。该提案的主要目的是通过进行3个研究项目来缓解氨抑制MSW的BLT和ANAEROBIC消化（AD）： ＃1（MASC）：评估氨抑制对MSW的嗜嗜疫苗AD的评估，以不同的浓度，pH，适应水平和微生物群落的表征。生物甲烷电位（BMP）测定测试（批处理模式和半连续）将根据阶乘实验设计进行。 BMP分析将以5个NH3浓度和3个pH水平运行。将使用ANOVA，t检验和响应表面方法（RSM）对累积沼气生产（CBP）进行统计分析。样品将通过FISH，16SRNA分析，以鉴定存在的细菌弦和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）成像，以确定活细胞与死细胞的比率。 ＃2（PHD-1）：通过从循环叶酸盐中去除氨的MSW和沼气产生的AD。生物反应器柱（BCS）将在35°C下进行监测。废物将分层放置并压实。然后，将通过BCS再循环叶酸盐。浸出样品将每周收集，并分析pH，do，cod，棕褐色，碱度，vfas，orp。 BC1和BC2将充当控制，氨将保持在抑制水平以上。对于BC3和BC4，将通过沸石/树脂床以去除氨水来治疗叶片。 pH为6.5。 BC5和BC6将与BC3和BC4相似，但pH值为7.5。将收集沼气，并将废物进行特征（TS，VS，…）。将对碳和氮进行质量平衡。浸出液将通过FISH，16S rRNA和CLSM分析。 ＃3（PHD-2）：通过混合（分期）成熟和Young Leadate增强BLT，然后再循环回到生物反应器垃圾填埋场。这是一个原始的新颖概念，以前没有报道。该假设通过BMP批处理实验检验，并具有承诺结果。 BC将使用4个年轻和成熟铅的混合比：3/3Y：0/3M，2/3Y：1/3M，1/3Y：2/3M：2/3M，＆0/3Y：3/3M：3/3M。将分析浸出液，COD，棕褐色，碱度，VFA，DO和ORP。将收集和分析沼气。废物将被表征，并为碳和氮执行质量平衡。浸出液将通过FISH，16S rRNA和CLSM分析。 这项研究将具有深远的技术，社会，环境和/或健康益处，这将有助于实现更可持续的发展，将改善加拿大人的生活质量，并使项目经理，工程师，技术人员和从业者在行业中受益。