Enhancing Renewable Energy (biogas/bio-hydrogen) Production from Organic Wastes - Towards a more Sustainable and Climate-neutral Approach

全球能源需求的增加以及化石燃料对温室气体排放和气候变化的负面环境影响，促使各国采取了可持续和可再生能源生产的政策和战略。因此，有必要研究和开发所有潜在的可持续能源生产途径，包括从生物质生产能源，无论是为了寻找新的生物质替代来源还是能源生产途径。生物制氢和生物甲烷生产是两种很有前途的替代方案，已被包括加拿大在内的许多国家列入优先能源生产方案清单。有机废物可以用作生物质原料，这提供了一种低成本的原料和一种可持续的固体废物管理方法，将有机废物从垃圾填埋中转移出来。这项研究的长期目标是“在可持续发展和气候中立方法的背景下生产可再生能源/生物能源”。其中包括三个实验室项目。这些项目是：项目1，通过在连续两阶段厌氧消化过程中采用新的后水解方法，提高家禽粪便的沼气产量；项目2，评估从城市固体废物的有机部分(OFMSW)生产生物氢/生物甲烷的可行性和最优化；以及项目3，利用OFMSW的共同发酵，提高家禽粪便的生物氢气产量。研究影响：从生物质中生产清洁和可再生能源特别引起人们的兴趣，而且这种兴趣越来越大。在目前的情况下，世界范围内正在进行的氢气产生和储存的研究非常密集。在过去的十年里，利用能源作物生产生物能源有了很大的发展；然而，能源作物和粮食作物的种植之间存在着冲突和竞争。这项研究将有助于评估扩大生物质来源范围以包括PM和OFMSW作为生物能源生产原料的可能性，方法是通过具有成本效益的氨气汽提、单级和两级发酵工艺、组合暗/光发酵、组合暗发酵/甲烷生产以及OFMSW和PM的联合发酵来缓解技术和实际挑战这将有助于在全球肉类生产行业和农业废弃物中实施AD和发酵过程，打开一个数十亿美元的市场。这一结果还将有助于加拿大在未来通过采用可持续和可再生能源的生产来达到气候中立状态。除了给加拿大带来经济和环境效益外，它还将为农业部门提供管理选择。研究结果将对提高该领域的知识水平做出重要贡献，并为培训3HQP提供机会。

The increasing global energy demand and negative environmental effects of fossil on greenhouse gas emissions and climate change has led to the adoption of policies and strategies towards sustainable and renewable energy production. Thus, there is a need for research and development on all potential sustainable energy production pathways including energy production from biomass, either in search of new alternative sources of biomass or energy production routes. Bio-hydrogen and Bio-methane production are two promising alternatives, which have been included in the list prioritized energy production options in many countries including Canada. Organic waste could be used as the biomass feedstock, which offers a low-cost feedstock and a sustainable solid waste management approach to divert organic waste from landfilling. The long-term objective of the research is the "Production of Renewable Energy/Bioenergy in the context of Sustainable Development and Climate-Neutral Approach". There are three laboratory projects included. These are: Project 1, enhanced biogas production from poultry manure by a novel post-hydrolysis approach in a continuous two-stage anaerobic digestion process; Project 2, assessing the feasibility and optimization of bio-hydrogen/bio-methane production from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW); and Project 3, enhancing bio-hydrogen production from poultry manure using co-fermentation with OFMSW. Research Impact: Production of clean and renewable energy from biomass is of particular and increasing interest. Under the current circumstance, worldwide ongoing research on hydrogen generation and storage is intensive. There has been significant development for bioenergy production from energy crops over the last decade; however, there is a conflict and competition between cultivation for energy crops and food crops. This research will help to assess the possibility of widening the range of the biomass sources to include PM and OFMSW as feedstock for bioenergy production by mitigating the technical and practical challenges through cost-effective stripping of ammonia, single- and two- stage fermentation process, combined dark/photo fermentation, combined dark-fermentation/methane production, and co-fermentation of OFMSW and PM. This would help to implement AD and fermentation processes in the meat production industry and agricultural wastes worldwide, opening a multi-billion-dollar market. The results will also help Canada to reach a climate-neutral state in the future by adopting production of sustainable and renewable energy. In addition to economic and environmental benefits to Canada, it will offer a management option to the agricultural sector. The results will have significant contribution to advance the knowledge in the field and provide opportunity to train a 3HQPs.