Enhancing Renewable Energy (biogas/bio-hydrogen) Production from Organic Wastes - Towards a more Sustainable and Climate-neutral Approach

日益增长的全球能源需求以及化石燃料对温室气体排放和气候变化的负面环境影响促使各国采取可持续和可再生能源生产的政策和战略。因此，有必要研究和发展所有可能的可持续能源生产途径，包括生物质的能源生产，以便寻找新的替代生物质的来源或能源生产途径。生物氢和生物甲烷生产是两种很有前途的替代方案，已被包括加拿大在内的许多国家列入优先能源生产方案清单。有机废物可以作为生物质原料，这是一种低成本的原料和可持续的固体废物管理方法，可以转移有机废物的填埋。该研究的长期目标是“可持续发展和气候中和方法背景下的可再生能源/生物能源生产”。包括三个实验室项目。这些是：项目1，在连续两阶段厌氧消化过程中采用新型后水解方法提高禽粪的沼气产量；项目二，评估城市生活垃圾有机组分生产生物氢/生物甲烷的可行性及优化；项目3：利用禽畜粪便与固体垃圾共发酵提高生物制氢能力。研究影响：从生物质能中生产清洁和可再生能源受到特别和日益增长的关注。在目前的环境下，世界范围内正在进行的制氢和储氢研究非常密集。在过去十年中，利用能源作物生产生物能源取得了重大发展；然而，能源作物的种植与粮食作物的种植之间存在着冲突和竞争。这项研究将有助于评估扩大生物质来源范围的可能性，包括PM和OFMSW作为生物能源生产的原料，通过具有成本效益的氨提法、单阶段和两阶段发酵工艺、暗/光联合发酵、暗发酵/甲烷联合生产以及OFMSW和PM的共发酵来减轻技术和实践挑战。这将有助于在全球肉类生产行业和农业废弃物中实施AD和发酵工艺，从而打开一个数十亿美元的市场。结果还将通过采用可持续和可再生能源的生产，帮助加拿大在未来达到气候中性状态。除了对加拿大的经济和环境有利外，它还将为农业部门提供一个管理选择。研究结果将对推进该领域的知识有重大贡献，并为培养3HQPs提供了机会。

The increasing global energy demand and negative environmental effects of fossil on greenhouse gas emissions and climate change has led to the adoption of policies and strategies towards sustainable and renewable energy production. Thus, there is a need for research and development on all potential sustainable energy production pathways including energy production from biomass, either in search of new alternative sources of biomass or energy production routes. Bio-hydrogen and Bio-methane production are two promising alternatives, which have been included in the list prioritized energy production options in many countries including Canada. Organic waste could be used as the biomass feedstock, which offers a low-cost feedstock and a sustainable solid waste management approach to divert organic waste from landfilling. The long-term objective of the research is the "Production of Renewable Energy/Bioenergy in the context of Sustainable Development and Climate-Neutral Approach". There are three laboratory projects included. These are: Project 1, enhanced biogas production from poultry manure by a novel post-hydrolysis approach in a continuous two-stage anaerobic digestion process; Project 2, assessing the feasibility and optimization of bio-hydrogen/bio-methane production from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW); and Project 3, enhancing bio-hydrogen production from poultry manure using co-fermentation with OFMSW. Research Impact: Production of clean and renewable energy from biomass is of particular and increasing interest. Under the current circumstance, worldwide ongoing research on hydrogen generation and storage is intensive. There has been significant development for bioenergy production from energy crops over the last decade; however, there is a conflict and competition between cultivation for energy crops and food crops. This research will help to assess the possibility of widening the range of the biomass sources to include PM and OFMSW as feedstock for bioenergy production by mitigating the technical and practical challenges through cost-effective stripping of ammonia, single- and two- stage fermentation process, combined dark/photo fermentation, combined dark-fermentation/methane production, and co-fermentation of OFMSW and PM. This would help to implement AD and fermentation processes in the meat production industry and agricultural wastes worldwide, opening a multi-billion-dollar market. The results will also help Canada to reach a climate-neutral state in the future by adopting production of sustainable and renewable energy. In addition to economic and environmental benefits to Canada, it will offer a management option to the agricultural sector. The results will have significant contribution to advance the knowledge in the field and provide opportunity to train a 3HQPs.