Cytochrome P450 Family 1 and 3 Function in Aquatic Species

细胞色素P450酶（CYP）对于激素等重要分子的产生和代谢至关重要。CYP对环境污染物的代谢也至关重要。CYP 1和CYP 3家族中的基因介导异生物质和类固醇代谢。尽管它们的作用，我们才刚刚开始了解水生物种中的调节和功能。本实验室在鱼类和水生环节动物CYP的鉴定和研究中发挥了重要作用。在两组中新发现的CYP 1和CYP 3家族基因序列提示了新的代谢功能。在本实验室先前完成的研究基础上，本研究的主要目标是了解水生物种中异生素和类固醇代谢基因的调控、表达和功能。该假说认为，基因序列的多样性预示着水生物种获得新的代谢功能。使用斑马鱼作为模式硬骨鱼物种，我们将检查CYP 1D 1和CYP 3C 1 -4。功能将通过使用表达的蛋白质在我们最后的NSERC发现中开发的高通量筛选方法中进行评估。其他人的工作（CYP 1D 1）和我们的最新发现（CYP 3C 1 -4）确定了这些基因的组织和发育表达模式，并提出了可能控制基因表达的调控途径。利用药理学工具，我们将确定斑马鱼CYP 1D 1和CYP 3C 1 -4基因的调控。在我们最近的发现中，我们对环节动物Capitella telata基因组中的CYP基因进行了注释，确定了几个CYP 1和CYP 3相关基因，其中两个与异生物质代谢有关。这种水生环节动物有能力代谢脊椎动物CYP 1底物，如多环芳烃，这是常见的环境污染物。这种能力与Capitella在高度污染环境中的优势有关，并表明对有毒化学品的抵抗力。我们以前的研究已经确定了候选基因类固醇和外源性物质的代谢，在这个建议中，我们将评估Capitella的能力，这些功能。由于CYP 1和CYP 3家族在类固醇和异生物质代谢中起着重要的作用，我们建议重点了解新的CYP 1和CYP 3基因在水生物种中的调控和功能。这些数据将确定是否新奇的基因序列导致了新的代谢能力，使这些物种能够承受污染的环境。我们可以应用这些知识来了解一个物种的异生物质代谢的能力，了解毒理学的相关基因，并了解解毒系统的进化。

Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are critical for the production and metabolism of important molecules such as hormones. CYPs are also critical for the metabolism of environmental contaminants. Genes in the CYP1 and CYP3 families mediate both xenobiotic and steroid metabolism. Despite their roles, we are only beginning to understand the regulation and function of CYP genes in aquatic species. Our lab has played an important role in the identification and study of CYPs in fish and aquatic annelids. Newly identified CYP1 and CYP3 family gene sequences in both groups suggest novel metabolic functions. To build on research previously completed in our laboratory, the major objectives of this research are to understand the regulation, expression and function of xenobiotic and steroid metabolizing genes in aquatic species. The hypothesis is that diversity in gene sequences predicts the acquisition of novel metabolic function in aquatic species. Using zebrafish as a model teleost species, we will examine CYP1D1 and CYP3C1-4. Function will be assessed by using expressed proteins in a high through put screening approach developed in our last NSERC Discovery. Work from others (CYP1D1) and in our last Discovery (CYP3C1-4) identified the tissue and developmental expression patterns of these genes and suggested the regulatory pathways that may control gene expression. Using pharmacological tools, we will determine the regulation of CYP1D1 and CYP3C1-4 genes in zebrafish. In our last Discovery, our annotation of CYP genes in the genome of the annelid, Capitella telata, identified several CYP1 and CYP3 related genes, two of which have been implicated in xenobiotic metabolism. This aquatic annelid has the capacity to metabolize vertebrate CYP1 substrates, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are common environmental contaminants. This ability has been linked to the dominance of Capitella in highly contaminated environments and suggests resistance to toxic chemicals. Our prior studies have identified candidates genes for steroid and xenobiotic metabolism and in this proposal we will assess the capacity of Capitella for these functions. Since CYP1 and CYP3 families play such an important role in both steroid and xenobiotic metabolism, we propose to focus on understanding the regulation and function of novel CYP1 and CYP3 genes in aquatic species. These data will determine if novelty in CYP gene sequences has led to novel metabolic capacity that allows these species to withstand contaminated environments. We can apply this knowledge to understand the capacity of a species for xenobiotic metabolism, to understand the relevance of CYP genes for toxicology, and to understand the evolution of detoxification systems.