Effects of thermal, chemical, and radiological emissions on Whitefish

麦克马斯特大学、里贾纳大学和布鲁斯鲍尔合作研究了热、辐射和常规压力对湖白鲑（Coregonus clupeaformis）和圆白鲑（Prosopium cylindraceum）的生物学影响。该研究将为布鲁斯电力公司提供必要的信息，以评估白鱼胚胎和幼鱼是否对布鲁斯核电开发（BNPD）的热和多应激源排放敏感。BNPD拥有使用直流冷却的CANDU核电反应堆;大量湖水冷却涡轮机大厅，温水被排放回休伦湖。热羽流可能含有微量的放射性和/或化学品（吗啉或次氯酸盐），以减轻入侵贻贝物种的生物污垢。直流冷却一直是一个令人关注的问题，因为热羽流可能会影响生态，经济和文化重要性的物种。这项研究的首要目标是确定热、辐射和常规排放的组合是否会对白鱼胚胎（存活、发育）和幼鱼产生重大影响。此外，我们试图了解的意义（遗传多样性和混合）的产卵聚集，使用栖息地可能受到BNPD。该研究将确定潜在的影响，并有助于适当的缓解战略，并对使用直流冷却的行业产生广泛的影响。湖泊和圆白鱼是包括第一民族和梅蒂斯人在内的土著群体的重要商业和文化资源。白鱼是一种具有重要生态意义的冷水适应性鱼类，可能对温度升高敏感。基础和应用研究将在三个主题领域进行：（1）高温和热冲击对白鲑的影响，（2）多种压力（化学，热和辐射）对白鲑的影响，（3）遗传和基于种群的研究，以了解BNPD附近白鲑的潜在种群结构和栖息地使用。

McMaster University, the University of Regina and Bruce Power have partnered together to study the biological effects of thermal, radiological, and conventional stressors on lake (Coregonus clupeaformis) and round (Prosopium cylindraceum) whitefish. The research will provide Bruce Power Inc with necessary information to assess whether whitefish embryos and juveniles are sensitive to thermal and multi-stressor emissions from the Bruce Nuclear Power Development (BNPD). BNPD has CANDU nuclear power reactors that use once-through cooling; large volumes of lake water cool the turbine hall and warm water is discharged back into Lake Huron. The thermal plume may contain trace amounts of radioactivity and/or chemicals (morpholine or hypochlorite) to mitigate biofouling from invasive mussel species. Once-through cooling has been a concern because the thermal plume may impact species of ecological, economic and cultural importance. The over-arching objective of this research will be to determine whether combinations of thermal, radiological and conventional emissions can significantly affect whitefish embryos (survival, development) and juveniles. In addition, we seek to understand the significance (genetic diversity and mixing) of spawning aggregations that use habitat potentially affected by the BNPD. The research will identify potential impacts and contribute to appropriate mitigation strategies and has broad impacts for industries that use once-through cooling. Lake and round whitefish represent an important commercial and cultural resource for aboriginal groups including First Nations and Metis. Whitefish are an ecologically important, cold-water adapted fish that could be sensitive to elevated temperatures. Fundamental and applied research will be performed in three theme areas: (1) the effects of elevated temperature and thermal shocks on whitefish, (2) the effects of multiple stressors (chemical, thermal and radiological) on whitefish, (3) genetic and population-based studies to understand the underlying population structure and habitat use of whitefish near the BNPD.