Technology development for a high power three-phase electric vehicle charger using GaN devices

使用GaN器件的高功率三相电动汽车充电器的技术开发

• 批准号: 518065-2017
• 负责人: Liu, YanFei
• 金额: $ 7.26万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618722
• 关键词: Technology; development; power; three; phase

Greenhouse gas traps the earth's heat and contributes to global warming. In 2015, about 27% of the total greenhouse gas emission in U.S was from transportation. Electric Vehicles (EVs) are one way to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Major automobile manufacturers have set ambitious goals to gradually phase out the combustion engine by 2050. Due to limited driving range, EVs require frequent charging. Fast EV charging stations are one critical step to achieve widespread adoption of EVs. They can be built anywhere charging is in high demand, such as parking lots of office buildings, supermarkets and service stations. According to a recent report, the global EV Charger market is forecast to grow to more than 12.7 million units in 2020. In this project, the technologies for a 15kW 3-phase AC input EV charger will be developed using a Gallium Nitride (GaN) switch. It can charge an EV battery from 0% to 80% in 30 minutes, the key factor for wide adoption of EVs. Existing off-board 3-phase EV chargers are mostly designed with IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or SiC MOSFET (Silicon Carbide Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) based power electronics technology, because of the high voltage requirement. A Gallium Nitride (GaN) switch can provide significantly better performance than IGBT and MOSFET and offers the opportunity to significantly improve performance. However, GaN switches have a much lower voltage rating (650V) than is required in existing design. In this project, a new power architecture will be developed for a 3-phase AC EV charger that is optimized for GaN devices. It is expected 97.5% or more full load efficiency will be achieved - the best efficiency in the world. The success of this project will demonstrate the superior performance of the GaN switches produced by the industry partner, promoting its GaN switch sales in high voltage, high power application like EV charger. It will also encourage EV ownership in Canada, making Canada the world leader in using green energy.

温室气体阻挡了地球的热量，导致了全球变暖。2015年，美国约27%的温室气体排放来自交通运输。电动汽车(EVS)是减少温室气体排放的一种方式。主要汽车制造商已经制定了雄心勃勃的目标，到2050年逐步淘汰内燃机。由于行驶里程有限，电动汽车需要频繁充电。快速电动汽车充电站是实现电动汽车广泛采用的关键一步。它们可以建在任何充电需求很高的地方，比如写字楼、超市和加油站的停车场。根据最近的一份报告，全球电动汽车充电器市场预计到2020年将增长到超过1270万辆。在这个项目中，将使用氮化镓(GaN)开关开发15kW三相交流输入电动汽车充电器的技术。它可以在30分钟内将电动汽车电池从0%充电到80%，这是电动汽车广泛采用的关键因素。现有的场外三相电动汽车充电器大多采用基于电力电子技术的IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管)或SiCMOSFET(碳化硅金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)技术进行设计，因为需要较高的电压。氮化镓(GaN)开关可以提供比IGBT和MOSFET更好的性能，并提供了显著提高性能的机会。然而，GaN开关的额定电压(650V)比现有设计要求的要低得多。在这个项目中，将为针对GaN器件进行优化的三相交流电动汽车充电器开发一种新的电源架构。预计将达到97.5%或更高的满载效率-世界上最好的效率。该项目的成功将展示行业合作伙伴生产的GaN开关的卓越性能，促进其在电动汽车充电器等高压、大功率应用中的销售。它还将鼓励加拿大拥有电动汽车，使加拿大成为使用绿色能源的世界领先者。