Deep Roots: Understanding geochemistry and nutrient mobility in vineyard soils to enhance soil management practices at Pelee Island Winery

深根：了解葡萄园土壤中的地球化学和养分流动性，以加强皮利岛酒庄的土壤管理实践

• 批准号: 502087-2016
• 负责人: Webb, Elizabeth
• 金额: $ 0.24万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618991
• 关键词: Deep; Roots; Understanding; geochemistry; nutrient

Over 160 years of winemaking on Pelee Island have demonstrated that grapes thrive on the clay-rich soils known as the Toledo clay that dominate the island. The winery is investing in research that will direct their soil management strategies to increase the production and quality of their grapes and the island-grown compost. In addition, the winery wishes to identify the unique soil properties that contribute to the terroir of this region, with the hope of being declared an appellation in the future. Currently the vineyard tests the major element content of the top 40 cm of the soil every few years but deep vine roots can access nutrients from depths of 6 m and little is known about the impact of weathering of both soil and bedrock minerals on the nutrients available in the soils. This project will identify the geochemical controls on nutrient availability over the entire rooting depth in the vineyards on Pelee Island. The specific objectives are to: 1) determine the role that bedrock geology plays in soil composition, 2) assess how mineralogy and crop amendments influence nutrient availability over the entire depth of the soil and 3) determine whether the trace elements in the soil are transferred to the grapes. Variations in mineralogy, depth to bedrock, organic matter content, pH and element mobility over the depth of the entire soil profile may explain some of the observations made by the winery manager such as: why plants on the deeper parts of the Toledo clay grow with more vigour, why vineyards treated with island-grown alfalfa compost are rich in magnesium and why grape vines that typically prefer well drained soils thrive on the clay-rich soils of Pelee Island. The results of this project will enable Pelee Island Winery to enhance soil management on a field by field basis in order to improve nutrient availability to the plants (e.g. adding amendments or changing soil pH), develop future planting strategies (e.g. variations in soil quality and depth across the vineyard may suit different grape species or root stocks), and market their premium wines that embody the unique terroir from this region with the hope of gaining appellation status.

贝利岛160多年的酿酒历史已经证明，葡萄在富含粘土的土壤上茁壮成长，这种土壤被称为托莱多粘土，主宰着该岛。酿酒厂正在投资研究，指导他们的土壤管理策略，以提高葡萄和岛上种植的堆肥的产量和质量。此外，酒庄希望确定有助于该地区风土的独特土壤属性，并希望在未来被宣布为一个称号。目前，葡萄园每隔几年就会对土壤顶部40厘米的主要元素含量进行测试，但深葡萄根可以从6米深处获取营养物质，而且人们对土壤和基岩矿物风化对土壤中可用营养物质的影响知之甚少。该项目将确定地球化学控制在Pelee岛葡萄园的整个根系深度的养分有效性。具体目标是：1)确定基岩地质在土壤组成中的作用，2)评估矿物学和作物修正如何影响土壤整个深度的养分有效性，3)确定土壤中的微量元素是否转移到葡萄中。矿物学、基岩深度、有机质含量、pH值和元素在整个土壤剖面上的流动性的变化可以解释酒庄经理所做的一些观察，例如：为什么在托莱多粘土较深部分的植物生长得更有活力，为什么用岛上种植的苜蓿堆肥处理过的葡萄园富含镁，为什么通常喜欢排水良好的土壤的葡萄藤在Pelee岛富含粘土的土壤上茁壮成长。该项目的成果将使Pelee岛酒庄能够在每块土地的基础上加强土壤管理，以提高植物的营养可用性（例如添加改良剂或改变土壤pH值），制定未来的种植策略（例如，葡萄园中土壤质量和深度的变化可能适合不同的葡萄品种或根茎），并销售体现该地区独特风土的优质葡萄酒，希望获得产区地位。