Evaluating the ecological and forestry impacts of even-aged vs uneven-aged management in a temperate deciduous forest

温带落叶林为加拿大人提供了许多社会经济利益。这个生物群是大多数加拿大人生活的地方，正在遭受几次人为干扰。除了道路、农业和人类栖息地的巨大分裂外，它还因为其高价值的糖枫、黄桦树、红橡树、东白松等而被收获。在过去的一个世纪里，这个生物群使用了两种类型的收获方法，即均匀年龄和不均匀年龄的营林，尽管在过去的15年里，不均匀年龄的方法一直是首选的方法。然而，还没有进行系统的研究，以调查每种方法对生态和林业的主要影响，并确定什么是更好的方法，以帮助这一生物群更具抵抗力和复原力，更好地适应全球变化造成的许多威胁。基诺克森林提供了一个独特的机会来调查这两种营林方法的影响，因为在过去的40年里，这两种方法都在整个森林中使用。在这项研究中，我们将评估自80年代S以来进行的均匀年龄(交替条带采伐)和不均匀年龄(单株砍伐盖度的20%至35%)营林的效果，其中a)地上和地下陆地和春季池塘的生物多样性，b)春季池塘的水文，c)森林动态和生产力，d)对全球变化威胁的抵抗力、复原力和适应潜力。我们还将开发和测试森林管理者瞄准的新的生物多样性和生产力监测工具。将使用最先进的林分和景观模拟模型来提出一套在林分和景观尺度上实施的营林实践，以缓解由于全球变化因素而造成的日益严重的环境威胁。为了实现这些目标，一个由多学科科学家组成的团队将进行实地研究并使用模拟建模。

The temperate deciduous forests provide numerous socio-economic benefits to Canadians. This biome, where the majority of Canadians lives, is being subjected to several anthropogenic disturbances. In addition to being greatly fragmented by roads, agriculture and human habitations, it is being harvested for its high value sugar maple, yellow birch, red oak, eastern white pine, etc. Two types of harvesting approaches, even- and uneven-aged silviculture, have been used in this biome over the last century, although the uneven-aged approach has been preferred in the last 15 years. However, no systematic study has been done to investigate what are the main ecological and forestry impacts of each approach and to determine what could be a better approach to help this biome be more resistant and resilient and better adapted to the many threats induced by global change. The Kenauk forest provides an unique opportunity to investigate the impacts of both silvicultural approaches since both have been used over the whole forest in the last 40 years. In this study, we will evaluate the effects of even-aged (clearcutting in alternate strips) vs uneven-aged (single tree cutting of between 20 to 35% of the cover) silviculture done since the 80's on a) above- and below-ground terrestrial and vernal pool biodiversity, b) hydrology of vernal pools, c) forest dynamic and productivity, and d) the resistance, resilience and adaptability potential to global change threats. We will also develop and test novel biodiversity and productivity monitoring tools aimed for by forest managers. State-of-the-art stand and landscape simulation models will be used to propose a set of silvicultural practices to implement at both the stand and landscape scales to mitigate the increasing environmental threats due to global change factors. To achieve these objectives, a multi-disciplinary team of scientists will conduct field research and use simulation modeling.