Evaluating the ecological and forestry impacts of even-aged vs uneven-aged management in a temperate deciduous forest

评估温带落叶林同龄与异龄管理的生态和林业影响

• 批准号: 506241-2016
• 负责人: Messier, Christian
• 金额: $ 4.48万
• 依托单位: Québec en Outaouais
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=691108
• 关键词: Evaluating; ecological; forestry; impacts; even

The temperate deciduous forests provide numerous socio-economic benefits to Canadians. This biome, where the majority of Canadians lives, is being subjected to several anthropogenic disturbances. In addition to being greatly fragmented by roads, agriculture and human habitations, it is being harvested for its high value sugar maple, yellow birch, red oak, eastern white pine, etc. Two types of harvesting approaches, even- and uneven-aged silviculture, have been used in this biome over the last century, although the uneven-aged approach has been preferred in the last 15 years. However, no systematic study has been done to investigate what are the main ecological and forestry impacts of each approach and to determine what could be a better approach to help this biome be more resistant and resilient and better adapted to the many threats induced by global change. The Kenauk forest provides an unique opportunity to investigate the impacts of both silvicultural approaches since both have been used over the whole forest in the last 40 years. In this study, we will evaluate the effects of even-aged (clearcutting in alternate strips) vs uneven-aged (single tree cutting of between 20 to 35% of the cover) silviculture done since the 80's on a) above- and below-ground terrestrial and vernal pool biodiversity, b) hydrology of vernal pools, c) forest dynamic and productivity, and d) the resistance, resilience and adaptability potential to global change threats. We will also develop and test novel biodiversity and productivity monitoring tools aimed for by forest managers. State-of-the-art stand and landscape simulation models will be used to propose a set of silvicultural practices to implement at both the stand and landscape scales to mitigate the increasing environmental threats due to global change factors. To achieve these objectives, a multi-disciplinary team of scientists will conduct field research and use simulation modeling.

温带落叶森林为加拿大人提供了许多社会经济效益。这个大多数加拿大人居住的生物群落正受到几次人为干扰。除了被道路、农业和人类居住严重破坏外，它还因其高价值的糖枫、黄桦树、红橡树、东部白松等而被采伐。在过去的一个世纪里，在这个生物群落中使用了两种类型的采伐方法，均匀树龄和非均匀树龄，尽管在过去的15年里，非均匀树龄的采伐方法更受欢迎。然而，目前还没有进行系统的研究来调查每种方法的主要生态和林业影响，并确定哪种方法可以更好地帮助该生物群系更具抵抗力和弹性，并更好地适应全球变化引起的许多威胁。基瑙克森林提供了一个独特的机会来调查这两种造林方法的影响，因为在过去的40年里，这两种方法都被用于整个森林。在本研究中，我们将评估自20世纪80年代以来进行的均匀年龄（交替砍伐）与不均匀年龄（单棵树木砍伐20%至35%的覆盖物）造林对a)地上和地下陆地和春水池生物多样性的影响，b)春水池水文，c)森林动态和生产力，以及d)对全球变化威胁的抵抗力，恢复力和适应潜力。我们还将开发和测试森林管理者使用的新的生物多样性和生产力监测工具。本文将采用最先进的林分和景观模拟模型，提出一套林分和景观尺度上的造林措施，以缓解全球变化因素造成的日益严重的环境威胁。为了实现这些目标，一个由多学科科学家组成的团队将进行实地研究并使用模拟建模。