Computing tool to incorporate functional approach to closed forests management to increase resilience to global changes**

在当前全球变化的背景下，管理我们的森林是一项重大挑战，特别是因为与这些变化相关的巨大不确定性。气候、外来昆虫和疾病、未来需求和对森林(木材生产)的期望都是不确定性的来源。面对这一新的现实，我们预测森林发展的方法不再足够有效，因此我们必须审查我们管理森林的方式。森林是复杂和动态的系统，因此，永远不能完全预测。为了培养森林抵御许多已知和未知的未来干扰的能力，我们必须保持高度的多样性，更具体地说，功能多样性，以及强大的连通性，以促进林分之间可能的种子交换。功能特征影响个体的表现，并与树木对一个或几个环境因素的反应和适应方式直接相关。因此，高度多样化的森林将对大范围的压力更具弹性。虽然功能方法已经在城市森林或自然森林的景观尺度上应用，但从未在较小的规模上进行过测试，例如在封闭式管理森林中。它的目的是开发这种方法，以便私人森林所有者可以利用它来提高森林的弹性，即使是在小规模的情况下。利用已经清点的地点的数据，将根据对森林多样性的不同指数(物种丰富度和功能多样性)的评估、对领土的空间分析(种子散布的连通性)和对威胁该区域的未来压力的审查，提出建议。与哈里伯顿森林公司(On)合作，我们将描述三种不同规模的私人物业的特征，并将应用我们的功能网络方法来测试生态弹性的增加。我们的分析将允许模拟针对每一种森林的不同干预情景，所有这些情景都增加了树木的功能多样性。通过弥合研究和森林管理之间的差距，该项目将提供一种简单的方法，更好地纳入不确定性和优化干预措施，以使封闭的森林免受全球变化的影响。

In the present context of global change, managing our forests is a major challenge, in particular because of the great uncertainty associated with these changes. Climate, exotic insects and diseases, future needs and expectations from forests (timber production) are all sources of uncertainty. Faced with this new reality, our methods of forecasting the developments in our forests are no longer effective enough, so we must review the way we manage our forests. Forests are complex and dynamic systems, and for that reason, never completely predictable. To foster forest resilience against the many known and unknown future disturbances, we must maintain a high level of diversity, more specifically functional diversity, as well as a strong connectivity to favor possible seed exchanges among stands. Functional traits affect individual performance and are directly linked to the way trees will answer and adapt to one or several environmental factors. Thus, a highly diversified forest will be more resilient against a large range of stresses. Although the functional approach is already applied in urban forests or in natural forests at the landscape scale, it has never been tested on a smaller scale, for instance in closed managed forests. It aims at developing the approach so private forest ownership can use it to improve the resilience of the forest even on a small scale. Using data from sites already inventoried, recommendations will be based on an evaluation of different indices of diversity of the forest (species richness and functional diversity), a spatial analysis of the territory (connectivity for seed dispersion) and a review of the future stresses threatening the region. In collaboration with Haliburton Forest (ON), we will characterize three different private properties varying in size and we will apply our functional network approach to test for an increase of ecological resilience. Our analysis will allow to simulate different scenarios of interventions for each of the forest, all of them increasing functional diversity of trees. By bridging the gap between research and forest management, this project will provide a simple approach to better include uncertainty and optimize interventions to immunize closed forests against global change.************