The effect of in ovo delivery of nutrients and feed additives on the development of the immune system

这里提出的研究集中在卵内补充维生素和益生菌的鸡胚。新孵化的小鸡受到各种形式的压力，使它们更容易受到病原体的影响。可以通过早期干预，例如通过孵化前给予营养素和/或有益细菌，使雏鸡更健康。更具体地说，我们打算采取系统的方法，并研究这些干预措施如何增强鸡的免疫系统健康。对卵内营养的研究已经证明了孵化重量和生长、消化能力的改善，孵化后死亡率和发病率的降低，以及免疫反应的改善。益生菌已被证明可以提高生长性能和饲料效率，抗体反应，并限制食源性病原体。考虑到营养素和益生菌刺激肠道和免疫系统发育的潜力，卵内治疗可以为病原体定植提供天然屏障，并允许加速肠道和免疫系统发育，从而增加鸟类的生长和健康。考虑到各种疫苗的常规卵内使用，卵内施用的任何其他物质，除了对健康和性能具有积极影响外，不得干扰疫苗效力。

The research proposed here focuses on in ovo supplementation of chick embryos with vitamins and probiotic bacteria. Newly hatched chicks are subject to various forms of stress that make them more susceptible to pathogens. Chicks can be made healthier by early interventions, such as by pre-hatch administration of nutrients and/or beneficial bacteria. More specifically, we intend to take a systematic approach and examine how these interventions can enhance the chicken's immune system health. Research into in ovo nutrition has demonstrated improvements in hatch weight and growth, digestive capacity, reduced post-hatch mortality and morbidity, and improved immune response. Probiotics have been shown to improve growth performance and feed efficiency, antibody response, and to limit food-borne pathogens. Given the potential of nutrients and probiotics to stimulate intestinal and immune system development, in ovo treatment could provide a natural barrier to pathogen colonization and allow accelerated intestinal and immune system development resulting in increased growth and health of birds. Given the routine in ovo use of various vaccines, anything else administered in ovo, in addition to having a positive effect on health and performance, must not interfere with vaccine efficacy.