Modification and characterization of starch nanoparticles

淀粉纳米粒子的改性及表征

• 批准号: 419530-2011
• 负责人: Duhamel, Jean
• 金额: $ 13.85万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=619399
• 关键词: Modification; characterization; starch; nanoparticles

Latexes are dispersions of polymer particles in water useful in multiple applications such as paints, where they coalesce to form a protective coating on surfaces, or as binders ensuring the adhesion of non-woven fibers constituting paper and paperboard, or as carpet backing, where they provide strength and support for the woven fibers. Polymers latexes are typically produced from petroleum distillates. As oil supplies become scarce and more expensive, the industry is looking for cheaper and greener alternatives to petroleum-based latexes. Ecosphere® is a carbohydrate-based latex prepared by Ecosynthetix from corn or tapioca starch feedstocks. Ecosphere® is thus produced from renewable resources and forms stable emulsions of crosslinked starch particles in water that have already found applications in the paper industry. This proposal aims to expand the understanding and the scope of application of these biolatexes by chemically modifying them, and characterizing the properties imparted the nanoparticles by these modifications. Ecosphere® nanoparticles will be modified by the covalent attachment of either hydrophobic pendants, positively and negatively charged groups, or a combination thereof, and through the attachment (grafting) of linear polymers. The extent of these modifications will be quantified and their influence on the physical properties of the materials obtained will be investigated at the molecular and macroscopic levels with fluorescence and rheology experiments, respectively. Their performance as improved biolatex binders in paper coating applications will be tested. Furthermore the possibility of using modified Ecosphere® as drug delivery vehicles will be explored by monitoring their loading capacity, targeting efficacy, and toxicity to living cells. Together, this set of experiments will provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property relationships resulting from the modifications applied to the Ecosphere® nanoparticles.

胶乳是聚合物颗粒在水中的分散体，可用于多种应用，例如油漆，其中它们聚结以在表面上形成保护涂层，或作为粘合剂确保构成纸和纸板的非织造纤维的粘合，或作为地毯背衬，其中它们为织造纤维提供强度和支撑。聚合物胶乳通常由石油馏出物生产。随着石油供应变得稀缺和昂贵，该行业正在寻找更便宜和更环保的替代品，以石油为基础的乳胶。Ecosphere®是由Ecosynthetix从玉米或木薯淀粉原料制备的碳水化合物基胶乳。因此，Ecosphere®由可再生资源生产，并在水中形成稳定的交联淀粉颗粒乳液，已在造纸工业中得到应用。该提案旨在通过化学修饰这些生物胶乳并表征这些修饰赋予纳米颗粒的性质来扩大对它们的理解和应用范围。Ecosphere®纳米颗粒将通过疏水侧基、带正电荷和负电荷的基团或其组合的共价连接以及通过线性聚合物的连接（接枝）来改性。这些修改的程度将被量化，它们对所获得的材料的物理性质的影响将在分子和宏观水平上分别用荧光和流变学实验进行研究。将测试它们作为改进的biolatex粘合剂在纸张涂料应用中的性能。此外，将通过监测其负载能力、靶向功效和对活细胞的毒性来探索使用改性Ecosphere®作为药物递送载体的可能性。总之，这组实验将提供对Ecosphere®纳米颗粒改性所产生的结构-性能关系的全面理解。