Spirochete coordination of adhesion and motility in the presence of fluid shear forces

存在流体剪切力时螺旋体粘附和运动的协调

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06403
• 负责人: Moriarty, Tara
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=628833
• 关键词: Spirochete; coordination; adhesion; motility; presence

Spirochetes are invasive, fast-moving gram-negative-like bacteria with a helical or planar wave-form shape, internal periplasmic flagella that wrap around the cell body and drive movement by undulating wave- or corkscrew-like rotation of the cell body, and a fluid outer membrane containing few transmembrane proteins. Most spirochete adhesion proteins (adhesins) are anchored to the outer membrane by lipid anchors and are likely highly mobile. Spirochetes move faster in dense biological materials than in pure liquid, possible due to traction-conferring adhesive interactions between cells and their extracellular environment, a property that may be crucial for colonization of environments inaccessible to other bacteria. If motility depends on adhesion, then adhesins may also be mobile, especially under conditions such as adhesion to surfaces under flow in which bacterial motility and flow propel the cell body forward as the adhesion complex anchoring bacteria to surfaces remains in a fixed position. The properties and mechanisms underlying dynamic coordination of spirochete adhesion and motility in the presence and absence of flow are not yet defined, and have not been defined for most bacteria. This is largely due to the need to develop rapid, high resolution live cell imaging tools to study coordination of adhesion and motility. My laboratory is expert in developing imaging-based approaches for studying bacterial adhesion, motility and movement in flow and non-flow environments, and recently established the first imaging-based particle-tracking and biophysical analysis tools to studying bacterial adhesion and movement to surfaces under flow. We work primarily with the Lyme disease spirochete

螺旋体是侵入性的、快速移动的革兰氏阴性样细菌，其具有螺旋形或平面波形形状、内部周质鞭毛（其缠绕在细胞体周围并通过细胞体的波浪状或螺旋状旋转驱动运动）和含有很少跨膜蛋白的流体外膜。大多数螺旋体粘附蛋白（粘附素）通过脂质锚定到外膜上，并且可能是高度移动的。螺旋体在致密的生物材料中比在纯液体中移动得更快，这可能是由于细胞与其细胞外环境之间的牵引-赋予粘附相互作用，这一特性对于其他细菌无法进入的环境的定殖可能是至关重要的。如果运动性依赖于粘附，则粘附素也可以是移动的，特别是在诸如在流动下粘附到表面的条件下，其中细菌运动性和流动推动细胞体向前，因为将细菌锚定到表面的粘附复合物保持在固定位置。螺旋体粘附和运动的存在和不存在流动的动态协调的基础上的属性和机制尚未定义，并没有被定义为大多数细菌。这在很大程度上是由于需要开发快速，高分辨率的活细胞成像工具来研究粘附和运动的协调。我的实验室擅长开发基于成像的方法，用于研究流动和非流动环境中的细菌粘附，运动和运动，最近建立了第一个基于成像的颗粒跟踪和生物物理分析工具，以研究细菌粘附和运动。我们主要研究莱姆病螺旋体