Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response

真菌形态发生和环境响应

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Aspergillus, a mould, is an asexual fungus that impacts humanity for good and ill. Some species are used in biotechnology, but many are also opportunistic human pathogens causing morbid disease. Filamentous fungal cells, called hyphae, are surrounded, supported, and protected by cell walls that enable them to penetrate and explore their surroundings in search of nutrients. Hyphae are tubular and grow only at their tips, where they secrete wall-forming materials. The hyphal wall forms a porous interface between the cell and its environment. Wall composition, structure and function are inter-dependent. As in all fungi, the Aspergillus wall is ~85% carbohydrate, mostly types not found in animals. Wall biosynthesis pathways can be anti-fungal drug targets. Interaction between wall components is key to wall structure-function, but despite >60 years of study, much remains unknown. It is notable that fungi respond to environmental change, e.g. drugs, through cell wall integrity network regulation, and it is this regulation of cell wall integrity that is a focus of research in my laboratory. As an example, galactofuranose (Gal-f) is a minor [~5%] wall sugar that decorates wall proteins. We have shown that deleting any of three steps in Gal-f biosynthesis causes major defects in wall structure-function, including: 500-fold lower hyphal growth rate and spore production; soft, thick and abnormal cell walls; and hyperbranching. However, reduced Gal-f is partly compensated for by higher content of other, co-regulated wall components, such as alpha-glucans, whose roles are yet to be understood. We have found that deletion of genes for alpha-glucan production does not result in an obvious change in appearance, or phenotype, on a solid medium, but may result in colony fragmentation in a shaken liquid medium. In the next funding cycle, we will characterize alpha-glucan synthesis in Aspergillus, and explore relationships between wall biosynthesis pathways. Urgency is called for, as we have shown that Aspergillus can develop heritable resistance to wall-targeting drugs in under a week. We have already identified novel wall-synthesis genes using this strategy, and will extend efforts in this critically important area of research.
曲霉,一种霉菌,是一种无性真菌,对人类有好有坏的影响。一些物种被用于生物技术,但许多物种也是导致病态疾病的投机的人类病原体。丝状真菌细胞,称为菌丝,由细胞壁包围、支撑和保护,使它们能够穿透并探索周围环境以寻找营养。菌丝是管状的,只在其顶端生长,在那里它们分泌形成壁的物质。菌丝壁在细胞和环境之间形成了一个多孔的界面。墙体的组成、结构和功能是相互依存的。与所有真菌一样,曲霉菌壁含有约85%的碳水化合物,大多数类型在动物中找不到。WALL生物合成途径可以成为抗真菌药物的靶点。墙体组件之间的相互作用是墙体结构功能的关键,但尽管进行了60年的研究,仍有许多未知之处。值得注意的是,真菌通过细胞壁完整性网络调节来响应环境变化,例如药物,而正是这种对细胞壁完整性的调节是我实验室研究的重点。例如,半乳呋喃糖(Gal-f)是一种次要的[~5%]壁糖,用于装饰壁蛋白。我们已经证明,删除Gal-f生物合成中的三个步骤中的任何一个都会导致壁结构功能的主要缺陷,包括:菌丝生长速度和产孢量降低500倍;细胞壁柔软、厚实和异常;以及过度分枝。然而,降低的Gal-f部分被其他共同调节的壁组分的较高含量所补偿,如α-葡聚糖,其作用尚不清楚。我们发现,α-葡聚糖产生基因的缺失不会导致固体培养基中外观或表型的明显变化,但可能会导致摇动液体培养基中的菌落碎裂。在下一个资金周期中,我们将表征曲霉中α-葡聚糖的合成,并探索壁生物合成途径之间的关系。需要紧急,因为我们已经证明,曲霉可以在不到一周的时间内对壁靶向药物产生遗传耐药性。我们已经使用这一策略识别了新的壁合成基因,并将在这一至关重要的研究领域继续努力。

项目成果

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Kaminskyj, Susan其他文献

Arbuscular mycorrhizae on Axel Heiberg Island (80°N) and at Saskatoon (52°N) Canada
A fungal endophyte strategy for mitigating the effect of salt and drought stress on plant growth
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s13199-015-0370-y
  • 发表时间:
    2016-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.5
  • 作者:
    Azad, Kumkum;Kaminskyj, Susan
  • 通讯作者:
    Kaminskyj, Susan
An Amylase-Like Protein, AmyD, Is the Major Negative Regulator for α-Glucan Synthesis in Aspergillus nidulans during the Asexual Life Cycle
Time fluctuations and imaging in the SERS spectra of fungal hypha grown on nanostructured substrates
  • DOI:
    10.1021/jp075422a
  • 发表时间:
    2007-11-08
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    Szeghalmi, Adriana;Kaminskyj, Susan;Gough, Kathleen M.
  • 通讯作者:
    Gough, Kathleen M.

Kaminskyj, Susan的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kaminskyj, Susan', 18)}}的其他基金

Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

相似海外基金

Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2013
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Fungal morphogenesis and environmental response
真菌形态发生和环境响应
  • 批准号:
    203696-2008
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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