Cortical and sensory control of standing balance

站立平衡的皮层和感觉控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06632
• 负责人: DALTON, BRIAN
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630170
• 关键词: Cortical; sensory; control; standing; balance

Standing balance entails rapid processing and integration of sensorimotor signals within the central and peripheral nervous system, which include information from vestibular, visual, and somatosensory cues. Upright balance control is typically an afterthought and its complexity and importance is only realized once the neuromuscular system undergoes an insult or chronic deterioration. With adult aging, the neuromuscular system endures degenerative changes, characterized by muscle atrophy and declines in structure and function. Despite much research on standing balance in older adults, many studies do not provide mechanistic insight into the cortical and sensorimotor control necessary for standing. The aged neuromuscular system offers an excellent model to further our understanding of sensorimotor adaptations through investigation into the integration and transformation of cortical and sensorimotor signals that modulate balance in a chronically-altered and compromised state. An effective means to evaluate the integrity of the neuromuscular system is to stress it acutely through an intervention such as muscle fatigue. Yet, little is known about how fatigue affects the sensorimotor control of standing. Thus, the LONG-TERM OBJECTIVE of my research program is to better understand the fundamental processes related to the sensorimotor control of standing balance and movement. Over the next five-years, my lab will address two short-term research objectives that will contribute to the achievement of my long-term objective. The first SHORT-TERM OBJECTIVE will

站立平衡需要在中枢和外周神经系统内快速处理和整合感觉运动信号，这些信号包括来自前庭、视觉和躯体感觉线索的信息。直立平衡控制通常是事后的想法，其复杂性和重要性只有在神经肌肉系统受到损伤或慢性恶化时才能意识到。随着成年人的衰老，神经肌肉系统经历退行性变化，其特征在于肌肉萎缩以及结构和功能的下降。尽管有很多关于老年人站立平衡的研究，但许多研究并没有提供对站立所需的皮质和感觉运动控制的机械见解。老年神经肌肉系统提供了一个很好的模型，通过研究皮质和感觉运动信号的整合和转化来进一步了解感觉运动适应，这些信号调节慢性改变和受损状态下的平衡。评估神经肌肉系统完整性的一种有效方法是通过肌肉疲劳等干预措施对其施加剧烈压力。然而，很少有人知道疲劳如何影响站立的感觉运动控制。因此，我的研究计划的长期目标是更好地了解与站立平衡和运动的感觉运动控制相关的基本过程。在接下来的五年里，我的实验室将解决两个短期研究目标，这将有助于实现我的长期目标。第一个短期目标将