Mechanisms of self-incompatible and compatible pollen responses in the brassica family

芸苔科自交不亲和和亲和花粉反应机制

• 批准号: 138558-2011
• 负责人: Goring, Daphne
• 金额: $ 4.08万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630356
• 关键词: Mechanisms; self; incompatible; compatible; pollen

In flowering plants, fertilization and seed development rely on successful interactions between the pollen (male) and the pistil (female). Plants cannot control pollination (the process of pollen landing on the pistil) and need the ability to recognize which pollen should be accepted for fertilization. The Goring research group studies pollen recognition systems in the crucifer plants to determine how these plants are able to select the most appropriate pollen grains for fertilization. In this family, initial pollen recognition by the pistil occurs shortly after pollen grains land on the top of the pistil. Foreign pollen grains are largely ignored; while resources are provided by the pistil to related compatible pollen grains for hydration, and pollen tube growth through the top of the pistil (Compatible Pollen Response). The pollen tubes then grow down the pistil to reach ovules for fertilization. In addition, many species in the crucifer family have a system where self-pollen is rapidly recognized and rejected (Self-Incompatible Pollen Response). The main function of this latter system is to prevent inbreeding. The overall goal of this grant is to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the "Compatible Pollen Response" and the "Self-Incompatible Pollen Response" in crucifers. Three related crucifer species will be studied: Brassica napus (canola), Arabidopsis lyrata (rock cress), and Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress). These species will be used to exploit the unique advantages of each system in answering outstanding questions in this area, and to explore conserved mechanisms in the pollen recognition systems across all three species. My research group has identified novel factors regulating these processes, and in this grant application, a series of experiments are proposed to further study these factors in determining: i) how self-pollen is recognized and rejected; and ii) how the pistil provides resources to compatible pollen for successful fertilization. This research will lead to significant discoveries into how crucifer plants regulate post-pollination processes and may provide new strategies for improving agricultural crop seed production.

在开花植物中，受精和种子发育依赖于花粉(雄性)和雌蕊(雌性)之间的成功相互作用。植物不能控制授粉(花粉落在雌蕊上的过程)，需要有能力识别哪些花粉应该接受受精。戈林研究小组研究了十字花科植物中的花粉识别系统，以确定这些植物如何能够选择最合适的花粉颗粒进行受精。在这个家族中，花粉粒落在雌蕊顶端后不久，雌蕊就开始识别花粉了。外来花粉粒在很大程度上被忽略；而资源则由雌蕊提供给相关的亲和花粉粒以进行水合作用，并通过雌蕊顶部生长花粉管(亲和花粉反应)。然后，花粉管沿着雌蕊生长，到达胚珠进行受精。此外，十字花科中的许多物种都有一个系统，在这个系统中，自交花粉被迅速识别和拒绝(自交不亲和花粉反应)。后一种系统的主要功能是防止近亲繁殖。这项资助的总体目标是研究十字花科植物中“亲和花粉反应”和“自交不亲和花粉反应”所涉及的分子和细胞机制。将研究三种相关的十字花科植物：甘蓝型油菜(油菜)、拟南芥(岩芹)和拟南芥(鼠耳菜)。这些物种将被用来利用每个系统在回答这一领域悬而未决的问题方面的独特优势，并探索所有三个物种的花粉识别系统中的保守机制。我的研究小组已经确定了控制这些过程的新因素，在这项赠款申请中，我们提议进行一系列实验，以进一步研究这些因素在确定：i)自交花粉如何被识别和拒绝；以及ii)雌蕊如何为成功受精提供亲和花粉的资源。这项研究将导致十字花科植物如何调控授粉后过程的重大发现，并可能为提高农业作物种子产量提供新的策略。