High-level visual adaptation: exploring the neural representation of faces, words and objects

高级视觉适应：探索面部、单词和物体的神经表征

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05365
• 负责人: Barton, Jason
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631164
• 关键词: level; visual; adaptation; exploring; neural

Adaptation is a technique used in psychology to study how the brain represents visual elements and objects. This involves having a person study a visual object - the adapting stimulus - for a defined period of time, following which a test stimulus is shown. The adapting stimulus alters the perception of the test stimulus, an effect that is often attributed to fatigue or habituation of the neurons that were activated by the adapting stimulus. Thus, in the waterfall effect, watching a waterfall with continuous downward movement of water will habituate neurons that code for downward motion, and when the subject is then shown a stationary image, the imbalance between fatigued downward neurons and unaffected upward neurons will cause the stationary image to appear to be drifting upwards.

适应是心理学中用于研究大脑如何表征视觉元素和物体的一种技术。这涉及到让一个人研究一个视觉对象-适应刺激-一段规定的时间，然后显示一个测试刺激。适应刺激改变了测试刺激的感知，这种效应通常归因于被适应刺激激活的神经元的疲劳或习惯化。因此，在瀑布效应中，观看具有连续向下运动的水的瀑布将使编码向下运动的神经元习惯化，并且当受试者随后被示出静止图像时，疲劳的向下神经元和未受影响的向上神经元之间的不平衡将导致静止图像看起来向上漂移。