Adaptive evolution in plant populations

植物种群的适应性进化

• 批准号: 402325-2011
• 负责人: Campbell, Lesley
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631708
• 关键词: Adaptive; evolution; plant; populations

My research explores how evolution can occur rapidly in plant populations. Specifically, I aim to understand (1) how evolutionary processes (hybridization, selection) and properties (mating systems, genetic diversity) affect the ecological function of plant populations (reproduction, extinction) and (2) the ecological mechanisms regulating genetic diversity, phenotypic evolution, and demography in rare and invasive plants. Over the next five years, I will: 1) examine responses of plant mating patterns and trait evolution to variation in climate; 2) determine the predictability of evolutionary trajectories of hybrid populations; and 3) explore the effects of environmental sorting on genotypic diversity.Scientific Approach - Using native and invasive plant species, we will use a combination of quantitative literature reviews, manipulative field experiments and common gardens in the Great Lakes region. Novelty - To my knowledge, this will be the first assessment of the response of plant hybridization rates toabiotic conditions, and represents one of the few experimental natural selection programs involving flowering plants. Further, we have limited empirical evidence from field experiments on how global warming will impact the distribution and abundance of weeds and no information on the potential for weed evolutionary responses to elevated temperatures. Finally, information regarding the predictability of hybrid evolution is entirely lacking but especially important in the context of the evolution of invasive or weedy species.Expected Significance - The proposed research is innovative in two primary respects: 1) it offers insights into broad questions in evolutionary biology such as the interaction between genetic diversity and novel environmental conditions, limits to adaptation, and the consequences of altered rates of evolution in coevolved communities of crops and weedy plants; and 2) it will initiate new research in the long standing debate regarding the role of hybridization in plant evolution, an important but understudied evolutionary process.

我的研究探索了进化如何在植物种群中迅速发生。具体来说，我的目标是了解（1）进化过程（杂交，选择）和属性（交配系统，遗传多样性）如何影响植物种群的生态功能（繁殖，灭绝）和（2）调节遗传多样性的生态机制，表型进化，以及稀有和入侵植物的人口统计。在未来的五年里，我将：1）研究植物交配模式和性状进化对气候变化的反应; 2）确定杂交种群进化轨迹的可预测性; 3）探索环境排序对基因型多样性的影响。科学方法-使用本地和入侵植物物种，我们将使用定量文献综述，在五大湖地区的人工田间试验和公共花园。新奇-据我所知，这将是第一次评估植物杂交率对非生物条件的反应，代表了为数不多的涉及开花植物的自然选择实验项目之一。此外，我们从田间实验中获得的关于全球变暖将如何影响杂草分布和丰度的经验证据有限，并且没有关于杂草对高温的进化反应潜力的信息。最后，关于杂交进化的可预测性的信息是完全缺乏的，但在入侵或杂草物种进化的背景下特别重要。预期意义-拟议的研究在两个主要方面是创新的：1）它提供了对进化生物学中广泛问题的见解，如遗传多样性与新环境条件之间的相互作用，适应的限制，以及作物和杂草植物共同进化群落中进化速率改变的后果; 2）它将在长期存在的关于杂交在植物进化中的作用的争论中启动新的研究，这是一个重要但研究不足的进化过程。