A multi-modal framework for characterizing myelin microstructure

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows great promise for characterizing brain microstructure during development, aging, disease, and treatment. However, with its current resolution (on the order of millimeters), MRI remains a blunt tool that provides only a birds-eye view of the complex network of fibers (on the order of micrometers) that make up the bulk of white matter in the brain. The last ten years have seen tremendous advances in the field of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI), enabling us to glean microstructural information on a scale that is orders of magnitude smaller than the native MRI resolution. Being able to do so will increase our understanding of brain development and become an invaluable tool for diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.