Geospace Phenomena: Assessing Danger and Understanding Mechanisms

地球空间现象：评估危险和理解机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04779
• 负责人: Connors, Martin
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: Athabasca University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633483
• 关键词: Geospace; Phenomena; Assessing; Danger; Understanding

The solar wind’s interaction with Earth can, like the familiar wind, bring on damaging storms. Energy can be released in an explosive way in “substorms”, which often feature dramatic auroras. This “space weather” takes place in the turbulent plasmas of near-Earth space. Characterizing it requires simultaneous measurements at many points on Earth and in space, and our physical understanding is based on careful interpretation of data from critical locations. The physics of the magnetosphere, or protective magnetic shell around the Earth, remains a major challenge in science. We must infer how matter and energy move near Earth, often from a minimum of data. My research uses magnetic fields and other quantities we measure on the ground to supply missing pieces of the space weather puzzle. Our instruments in Canada make measurements complementary to those from modern fleets of satellites. By improving our understanding of the complex processes that take place there, we will also enable practical applications in areas ranging from navigation to power transmission.

太阳风与地球的相互作用，就像我们熟悉的风一样，会带来破坏性的风暴。能量可以在“亚暴”中以爆炸性的方式释放，这通常以戏剧性的极光为特征。这种“太空天气”发生在近地空间的湍流等离子体中。表征它需要在地球和太空的许多点同时测量，我们的物理理解是基于对关键位置数据的仔细解释。磁层或地球周围的保护性磁壳的物理学仍然是科学上的一个重大挑战。我们必须推断出物质和能量是如何在地球附近运动的，通常只需要很少的数据。我的研究使用磁场和我们在地面上测量的其他量来填补太空天气之谜缺失的部分。我们在加拿大的仪器进行的测量与现代卫星舰队的测量相辅相成。通过提高我们对那里发生的复杂过程的理解，我们还将使从导航到电力传输等领域的实际应用成为可能。