Large-scale and Complex Functional Data: Foundation, Regression and Inference

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Large-scale and complex data collected in modern science and technology impose tremendous challenges for traditional statistical methods and theory. Functional data analysis (FDA) has emerged as a promising field that employs random functions as units and is designed to model data distributed over continua such as time, space, wavelength and so on. Such data may be viewed as realizations of random processes and are commonly found in many fields, e.g., longitudinal studies, microarray experiments, medical images, internet commerce and financial markets. A fundamental issue in modelling functional data arises from the “curse of dimensionality”, as functional objects are conceptually framed as infinite-dimensional processes. Further, greater challenges have emerged for functional data that are collected on a large scale and with complex structures, which naturally relates to the recently revolutionized fields, such as high-dimensional data analysis and compressed sensing. Therefore,