Automation of Construction Operations through Modular and Offsite Technologies

通过模块化和场外技术实现施工作业自动化

• 批准号: 249661-2013
• 负责人: AlHussein, Mohamed
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636141
• 关键词: Automation; Construction; Operations; through; Modular

The on-site stick-built construction process is hindered by inefficiency, material and process waste, and a significant environmental impact. This process limits technological and productivity innovations, as well as the ability of discipline-specific professionals to communicate information and knowledge. The objective of the proposed program is to support the manufacturing-based construction process by narrowing the gap between engineering, manufacturing, and on-site installation. The program will utilize 3D modeling of facilities, a process which capitalizes on a manufacturing approach in order to establish improved design and construction methods. This research seeks to establish innovative solutions by front-loading the 3D-model with information utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM).Based on research within a BIM-based 3D-modeling framework, significant advancements are expected with respect to the following objectives: (1) automation of design and drafting for manufacturing; (2) efforts to increase productivity and flexibility of the building manufacturing system; (3) ergonomic analysis, as well as assessment of the physical demands of construction activities on workers; (4) development of mathematical algorithms to optimize material usage, as well as to minimize construction material waste; and (5) quantification and suggestion of steps towards the reduction of the CO2 footprint of the construction process. Advances are expected in terms of increased productivity, enhanced automation, materials optimization, reduced environmental impact, and the mitigation of health and safety risks by virtue of this 3D-model-based research.

现场粘贴式施工过程受到效率低下、材料和工艺浪费以及重大环境影响的阻碍。这一过程限制了技术和生产力创新，以及特定学科专业人员交流信息和知识的能力。该计划的目标是通过缩小工程、制造和现场安装之间的差距来支持基于制造的施工过程。该计划将利用设施的3D建模，这是一个利用制造方法来建立改进的设计和施工方法的过程。本研究的目的是利用建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling，简称BIM），在三维模型的前端加载信息，建立创新的解决方案。基于BIM的三维建模框架的研究，有望在以下方面取得重大进展：（1）制造设计和绘图的自动化;（2）努力提高建筑制造系统的生产率和灵活性;（3）人体工程学分析，以及施工活动对工人身体需求的评估;（4）开发数学算法，以优化材料使用，并最大限度地减少建筑材料浪费;以及（5）量化和建议减少施工过程中二氧化碳足迹的步骤。通过这种基于3D模型的研究，预计将在提高生产力、增强自动化、材料优化、减少环境影响以及减轻健康和安全风险方面取得进展。