Automation of Construction Operations through Modular and Offsite Technologies

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The on-site stick-built construction process is hindered by inefficiency, material and process waste, and a significant environmental impact. This process limits technological and productivity innovations, as well as the ability of discipline-specific professionals to communicate information and knowledge. The objective of the proposed program is to support the manufacturing-based construction process by narrowing the gap between engineering, manufacturing, and on-site installation. The program will utilize 3D modeling of facilities, a process which capitalizes on a manufacturing approach in order to establish improved design and construction methods. This research seeks to establish innovative solutions by front-loading the 3D-model with information utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM).Based on research within a BIM-based 3D-modeling framework, significant advancements are expected with respect to the following objectives: (1) automation of design and drafting for manufacturing; (2) efforts to increase productivity and flexibility of the building manufacturing system; (3) ergonomic analysis, as well as assessment of the physical demands of construction activities on workers; (4) development of mathematical algorithms to optimize material usage, as well as to minimize construction material waste; and (5) quantification and suggestion of steps towards the reduction of the CO2 footprint of the construction process. Advances are expected in terms of increased productivity, enhanced automation, materials optimization, reduced environmental impact, and the mitigation of health and safety risks by virtue of this 3D-model-based research.