Smart Rivers: Instrumenting watercourses to measure transport processes and assess risk

智能河流：对水道进行测量以测量运输过程并评估风险

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04426
• 负责人: MacVicar, Bruce
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636333
• 关键词: Smart; Rivers; Instrumenting; watercourses; measure

River hydraulics is an active area of research for a number of reasons including: pressures from urbanization and climate change on surface water networks; limitations in experimental and numerical approaches to longstanding problems like sediment transport; and technical advances that open up new possibilities. The proposed research aims to exploit new techniques to gain better information about how and when the building blocks of river structure, i.e. the stored wood and sediment, move in rivers. The rationale is that this information could be exploited to better assess risk. For instance, when wood and sediment move during floods, scour is occurring, bed elevations are changing, and the risk of wood jams or instability at built infrastructure such as bridges and sewers is elevated. Measuring movement and communicating that information in a timely manner could be used to facilitate rapid response. At time scales of years or decades, trends in sediment and wood movement underpin structural imbalances in river networks that can result from external forces such as urbanization and climate change. Network modelling tools are needed to put the right information into the hands of land-use planners and practicing engineers.

河流水力学是一个活跃的研究领域，原因包括：城市化和气候变化对地表水网络的压力;实验和数值方法对沉积物输运等长期问题的限制;以及开辟新可能性的技术进步。拟议的研究旨在利用新技术来获得有关河流结构的组成部分（即储存的木材和沉积物）如何以及何时在河流中移动的更好信息。理由是，可以利用这一信息更好地评估风险。例如，当木材和沉积物在洪水期间移动时，冲刷正在发生，河床高程正在变化，木材堵塞或桥梁和下水道等建筑基础设施不稳定的风险增加。可以利用及时测量移动情况和通报这一信息来促进快速反应。在几年或几十年的时间尺度上，沉积物和木材流动的趋势是城市化和气候变化等外部力量造成的河流网络结构不平衡的基础。需要网络建模工具，以便将正确的信息提供给土地使用规划者和执业工程师。