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Erosion cost module to support flood risk analysis tool

支持洪水风险分析工具的侵蚀成本模块

基本信息

批准号：
533182-2018
负责人：
MacVicar, Bruce
金额：
$ 3.35万
依托单位：
University of Waterloo
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Collaborative Research and Development Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658381
关键词：
Erosion cost module support flood

项目摘要

Rivers and river corridors are important components of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and provide innumerable ecosystem services that include draining the landscape, supplying water to downstream populations and mitigating the effects of large floods. River networks and floodplains develop over thousands of years and tend towards a balance between the amount of sediment supplied from the hillslopes and the upper catchment and the capacity of the river to transport that sediment by fluid flow. Rivers are thrown out of balance by the growth of cities because asphalt and concrete limit infiltration while the gutters on our houses and roads accelerate the delivery of water to river channels. Simply put, the rivers are not ready for so much water. Erosion problems are endemic, leading to degradation of the ecological value of the rivers and long term costs for municipalities trying to maintain so many kilometres of increasingly unstable channels. The objective of the current project is to build a tool that would allow municipalities and other stakeholders to anticipate the costs from erosion that may result from city building. Stormwater management and low impact development are expensive options to try to manage these issues - but so is doing nothing. Relatively minor investments now can pay for themselves many times over, all while helping to avoid the most damaging ecological impacts of development. The erosion tool will allow municipalities to explicitly compare various management scenarios in order to support better decision making at the time of development. ****

河流和河流走廊是陆地和水生生态系统的重要组成部分，提供无数生态系统服务，包括为景观排水、为下游人口供水和减轻大洪水的影响。河流网络和洪泛区经过数千年的发展，在山坡和上游集水区提供的沉积物数量与河流通过流体流动输送沉积物的能力之间趋于平衡。城市的发展使河流失去了平衡，因为沥青和混凝土限制了渗透，而我们房屋和道路上的排水沟加速了水向河道的输送。简单地说，河流还没有准备好容纳这么多水。侵蚀问题是地方性的，导致河流生态价值的退化，以及市政当局试图维护如此多公里日益不稳定的河道的长期成本。本项目的目标是建立一个工具，使市政当局和其他利益攸关方能够预测城市建设可能造成的侵蚀成本。雨水管理和低影响开发是试图管理这些问题的昂贵选择-但什么也不做。现在，相对较小的投资可以获得数倍的回报，同时有助于避免发展造成的最具破坏性的生态影响。侵蚀工具将允许市政当局明确比较各种管理方案，以支持在开发时更好地决策。****